using controlled traffic lanes, and using permanent beds
SOURcES
(that are never driven on) are ways to avoid compaction.
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make the surface less susceptible to the breakdown of
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aggregates and to crust formation—as does maintain-
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Moebius, B.N., H.M. van Es, J.O. Idowu, R.R. Schindelbeck, D.J.
Reducing compaction once it occurs involves using cover
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crops that are able to break into subsurface compact
Lucey. 2008. Long-term removal of maize residue for bioenergy:
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layers and using equipment such as subsoilers and zone
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