QR code is an abbreviation for quick response code. It is a type of 2-D barcode (also known as matrix barcode). Unlike 1-d barcode, QR codes can encode wide variety of data types, including numeric, alphabets, special characters and binary data as well.
QR code consists of a set of square dots arranged in a square grid pattern with white back ground. The square dots are randomly arranged in order to encode information.
History
QR code was invented in 1994 by a Japanese automotive company named, Denso Wave. Denso Wave is a subsidiary of Toyota Motors.
Purpose
Purpose of QR code was to develop such an encoding/ decoding system which allows quick and reliable scanning of fast moving automotive equipment. In workshops, automotive parts are moved quickly from one place to another and are adjusted together. It is difficult to read such type of moving information with simpler barcodes; hence QR Code was developed to cater those needs.
Advantages
· Can be scanned using a smartphone or any other phone with scanning capability.
· QR codes are versatile, the can encode almost all types of data e.g. numeric, alphabets, special and binary.
· Extremely fast scanning.
· Like other 2-d barcodes, QR code has good fault tolerance. Even if some part of the code is damaged, information can still be decoded from the code.
· Stores large amount of information unlike 1-d barcodes.
Limitations
· Smart phones used to scan QR codes are often expensive in comparison with simpler phones.
· Relatively new barcode type, people are not much familiar with its use. Requires training in order to fully understand the concept.
· Not very aesthetic, it contains random patterns of square boxes which might not look pleasing on products unlike 1-d barcodes.
Usage
· Used for document management, tracking products and time, inventory management, item identification and marketing purposes.
· Widely used in automotive companies in Japan.
· Business cards often contain QR codes inscribed on them which may contain related information to the websites or the links to the resume of a person.
· QR code enabled scavenger hunt was introduced by Starbucks for promotion purposes which contained information regarding the hints encoded in the QR code.
· Darling National Wildlife Refuge in Florida (USA) uses QR codes in trails which contain links to the detailed information regarding the animals.
Funny Fact: In Seattle, QR codes are inscribed on graves which contain link to the detailed information about the deceased person.