Footnotes:
1. Muslim priest
2. Bukhara was one of the major trade centers along the Silk Road, invaded by Mongol, led by Genghis Khan in year 1219.
3. Khwarezmian empire initially was a part of Achaemenian Persian empire. In the late 11th century it was founded in Central Asia as an independent dynasty and existed until the early 13th century.
4. Shah Muhammad II was the ruler of Khwarezmian empire at the time of Mongol invasion.
5. Black and Caspian Seas
6. Caucasus Mountain Range
7. Kara Kum desert is a great sandy region in Central Asia
8. The birth name of Genghis Khan
9. Bar
10. The first Inquisitor General of Spain Thomas de Torkvemada lived during 15th Century and became known for his zealous campaign against Jews and Muslims.
11. Marranos were Jews converted to Christian faith, who secretly continued to practice Judaism. They were one of Torkvemada's targets for extermination.
12. Queen of Castile and León which was historic region of northwestern Spain bounded by the autonomous communities of Asturias, Cantabria, and the Basque Country to the north.
13. Automatic weapon designed in Hitler's Germany
14. Anti-Fascist movement during World War II
15. US Citizenship and Immigration Service