Cost - citations
1. Todd Litman, “Transportation Cost Analysis Spreadsheet” Victoria Transport Policy Institute 2007 edited by the author 2. Michael Green, “AAA Study Finds Costs Associated with Traffic Crashes are More than Three Times Greater than Congestion Costs” AAA Newsroom 11/03/2011
3. Laura Kusisto, “The Cost of Sprawl: More Than $1 Trillion Per Year, New Report Says” Wall Street Journal 03/19/2015
4. Donald Shoup, “The High Cost of Free Parking” introduction
5. Chester M., Horvath A., Madanat S., “Parking Infrastructure: Energy, Emissions, and Automobile Life-Cycle Environmental Accounting” Environmental Research Letters Vol.5. No.3 07/29/2010
6. Lorraine Sommerfeld, “Why there’s no such thing as a car ‘accident’” Driving.ca 04/04/2016
7. Cambridge Systematics, Inc. “Crashes vs. Congestion - What’s the Cost to Society” prepared for AAA Nov. 2011 pg.ES2
8. U.S. Dept. of Transportation — Federal Highway Administration Office of Highway Policy Information - factsheet March 2010
9. Makhijani et. al. “Cashing in On All of the Above: U.S. Fossil Fuel Production Subsidies Under Obama” Oil Change International July 2014 pg.17
10. Damian Carrington “Fossil Fuels Subsidised by $10m a Minute, Says IMF” The Guardian 05/18/2015
11. Gössling S., Choi A. S., “Transport Transitions in Copenhagen: Comparing the Cost of Cars and Bicycles” Ecological Economics Vol.113 May 2015 pg.106-113
12. Eric Jaffe, “Debunking the Myth That Only Drivers Pay for Roads” CityLab 05/13/2015
13. David Thompson, “Suburban Sprawl: Exposing Hidden Costs, Identifying Innovations” Sustainable Prosperity Oct. 2013 pg.5
14. Eric Jaffe “The Complete Business Case for Converting Street Parking Into Bike Lanes” CityLab 03/13/2015
15. Jonathan Maus, “‘Scenic Bikeways’ Help Power Oregon Bike Tourism to $400 Million Annual Impact” BikePortland 05/09/2013
16. R. Morgan Griffin, “Heart Disease: What are the Medical Costs?” WebMD 2011
17. “The Global Economic Cost of Cancer” LiveStrong & The American Cancer Society
18. “Health Concerns About Dairy Products” Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine
19. International Osteoporosis Foundation - factsheet
20. Blume S. W., Curtis J.R., “Medical Costs of Osteoporosis in the Elderly Medicare Population” Osteoporosis International 1835-44 doi: 10.1007/s00198-010-1419-7 06/22/2011
21. Laura Seaman, “Stanford researchers’ calculations reveal higher-than-expected global economic cost of climate change” Stanford News 10/21/2015
22. Mike Shreiner, “Climate Change is Nature’s Tax on Everything” Huffington Post 02/29/2016
Image Credits
1. ‘Money Car’ stock image edited by the author
2. ‘‘Missed Your Turn’ source unknown
3. ‘Waste in Fuel, Cars, and Roads’ Heck and Rogers “Resource Revolution: How to Capture the Biggest Business Opportunity in a Century” 2014
4. ‘Sure We Can’ source unknown
5. ‘Subsidies Graph’ Makhijani et. al. “Cashing in On All of the Above: U.S. Fossil Fuel Production Subsidies Under Obama” Oil Change International July 2014 pg.7 ‘Cost to Society - image produced by Discourse Media with data by George Poulos
6. ‘Heart Attack pays for Vacation’ created by Dan Piraro used with permission