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Meschino Health Comprehensive Guide to Minerals
Estrogen-containing drugs (oral contraceptives, hormone replacement therapy) have been shown to increase copper
levels in the blood.17
Nutrient-Nutrient Interactions:
Zinc - a high zinc intake may reduce copper absorption.18,19
Iron - a high iron intake may reduce copper absorption.20
Molybdenum - a high molybdenum intake can increase copper excretion.21
Vitamin B6 - a Vitamin B6 deficiency can reduce copper absorption.22
Vitamin C - large doses of Vitamin C, taken for extended periods is known to reduce copper status due to reduced
absorption of this mineral.23
Pregnancy and Lactation
During pregnancy and lactation, the only supplements that are considered safe include standard prenatal
vitamin and mineral supplements. All other supplements or dose alterations may pose a threat to the
developing fetus and there is generally insuf icient evidence at this time to determine an absolute level of
safety for most dietary supplements other than a prenatal supplement. Any supplementation practices
beyond a prenatal supplement should involve the cooperation of the at ending physician (e.g., magnesium
and the treatment of preeclampsia.)
References: Pregnancy and Lactation
1. Encyclopedia of Nutritional Supplements. Murray M. Prima Publishing 1998.
2. Reavley NM. The New Encyclopedia of Vitamins, Minerals, Supplements, and Herbs. Evans and
Company Inc. 1998.
3. The Healing Power of Herbs (2nd edition). Murray M. Prima Publishing 1995.
4. Boon H and Smith M. Health Care Professional Training Program in Complementary Medicine.
Institute of Applied Complementary Medicine Inc. 1997.
1. Standard Textbooks of Nutritional Science:
-
Shils M, Shike M, Olson J, Ross C. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. 9th ed. Baltimore, MD: Lippincott Williams &
Wilkins; 1993.
-
Escott-Stump S, Mahan LK, editors. Food, Nutrition and Diet Therapy. 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: W.B. Saunders
Company; 2000.
-
Bowman B, Russell RM, editors. Present Knowledge in Nutrition, 8th ed. Washington, DC:.ILSI Press; 2001.
-
Kreutler PA, Czajka-Narins DM, editors. Nutrition in Perspective. 2nd ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall Inc.; 1987.
2. Solomons NW. Biochemical, metabolic, and clinical role of copper in human nutrition. J Am Coll Nutr 1985;4:83-105.
3. Murray M. Encyclopedia of Nutritional Supplements. Rocklin, CA: Prima Publishing. 1996.
Comment [c13]: Pagination?
4. Klevay LM. Dietary copper: A powerful determinant of cholesterolemia. Medical Hypothesis 1987;24:111-9.
5. Reiser S, et al. Effect of copper intake on blood cholesterol and its lipoprotein distribution in men. Nutr Rep Intl 1987;36:641-9.
Comment [c14]: Authors?
6. Jones AA, DiSilvestro RA, Coleman M, Wagner TL. Copper supplementation of adult men: effects on blood copper enzyme
activities and indicators of cardiovascular disease risk. Metabolism 1997;46:1380-3.
7. Walker WR, Keats DM. An investigation of the therapeutic value of the “copper bracelet” - dermal assimilation of copper in
arthritic/rheumatoid conditions. Agents Actions 1976;6:454-8.
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Meschino Health Comprehensive Guide to Minerals
8. Finley EB, Cerklewski FL. Influence of Ascorbic Acid supplementation on copper status in young adult men. Am J Clin Nutr
1988;47:96-101.
9. Healthnotes 1998-2002. Available from: URL: http://www.healthnotes.com.
10. Reavley N. The New Encyclopedia of Vitamins, Minerals, Supplements & Herbs. New York, NY: M. Evans and Company, Inc.;