[1]. “Cargo X-Plane Shows Benefits of Advanced Composites,” Aviation Week & Space Technology, June 8, 2009, p. 18.
[2]. Stephen Trimble, “Skunk Works nears flight for new breed of all-composite aircraft,” Flight International, June 5, 2009.
[3]. “USAF Advanced Composite Cargo Aircraft Makes First Flight,” U.S. Air Force Aeronautical Systems Center press release, June 3, 2009.
[4]. Trimble, “Skunk Works nears flight for new breed of all-composite aircraft.”
[5]. “Lockheed Martin Conducts Successful Flight of AFRL’s Advanced Composite Cargo Aircraft,” Lockheed Martin Corporation press release, June 3, 2009.
[6]. Guy Norris, “Advanced Composite Cargo Aircraft Gets Green Light For Phase III,” Aerospace Daily & Defense Report, Oct. 2, 2009, p. 2.
[7]. William F. Durand, “Some Outstanding Problems in Aeronautics,” in NACA, Fourth Annual Report (Washington, DC: GPO, 1920).
[8]. Eric Schatzberg, Wings of Wood, Wings of Metal: Culture and Technical Choice in American Airplane Materials 1914–1945 (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1999), p. 176.
[9]. Ibid., p. 32.
[10]. Meyer Fishbein, “Physical Properties of Synthetic Resin Materials,” NACA Technical Note No. 694 (1939), p. 2.
[11]. Frank W. Caldwell and N.S. Clay, “Micarta Propellers III: General Description of the Design,” NACA Technical Note No. 200 (1924), p. 3.
[12]. Ibid., pp. 7–9.
[13]. Schatzberg, Wings of Wood, Wings of Metal, p. 180.
[14]. G.M. Kline, “Plastics as Structural Materials for Aircraft,” NACA Technical Note No. 628 (1937), p. 10.
[15]. Fishbein, “Physical Properties of Synthetic Resin Materials,” p. 2.
[16]. Schatzberg, Wings of Wood, Wings of Metal, p. 133.
[17]. Arthur R. von Hippel and A.G.H. Dietz, “Curing of Resin-Wood Combinations By High-Frequency Heating,” NACA Technical Note No. 874 (1938), pp. 1–3.
[18]. Ibid.
[19]. Howard Mansfield, Skylark: The Life, Lies and Inventions of Harry Atwood (Lebanon, NH: University Press of New England, 1999).
[20]. Fishbein, “Physical Properties of Synthetic Resin Materials.”
[21]. Kline, “Plastics as Structural Materials for Aircraft.”
[22]. Howard Mansfield, Skylark: The Life, Lies and Inventions of Harry Atwood.
[23]. Schatzberg, Wings of Wood, Wings of Metal, pp. 182–191.
[24]. “Towards an Ideal,” Flight, Feb. 16, 1939.
[25]. Schatzberg, Wings of Wood, Wings of Metal, p. 181.
[26]. Kline, “Plastics as Structural Materials for Aircraft.”
[27]. Ibid.
[28]. Fishbein, “Physical Properties of Synthetic Resin Materials,” pp. 1, 16–17.
[29]. Ian Thirsk, de Havilland Mosquito: An Illustrated History, v. 2 (Manchester, U.K.: Crecy Publishing, Ltd., 2006), p. 39.
[30]. Kline, “Plastics as Structural Materials for Aircraft.”
[31]. William S. Friedman, “Flying Plywood With a Sting,” Popular Science, No. 6, Dec. 1943, pp. 100–103.
[32]. Robert L. O’Connell, Soul of the Sword: An Illustrated History of Weaponry and Warfare from Prehistory to the Present (New York: The Free Press, 2002), pp. 289–290.
[33]. Friedman, “Flying Plywood With a Sting,” pp. 100–103.
[34]. Thirsk, de Havilland Mosquito, p. 39.
[35]. Phillippe Cognard, ed., Adhesives and Sealants: Basic Concepts and High-Tech Bonding (Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2005).
[36]. Von Hippel and Dietz, “Curing of Resin-Wood Combinations By High-Frequency Heating,”pp. 1–3.
[37]. Ibid.
[38]. “Brandt Goldsworthy: Composites Visionary,” High Performance Composites, May 1, 2003, http://www.compositesworld.com/articles/brandt-goldsworthy-composites-visionary.aspx,
accessed Oct. 3, 2009.
[39]. Ibid.
[40]. Ibid.
[41]. Allen M. Shibley, Adolph E. Slobodzinski, John Nardone, and Martin Cutler, “Special Report: Structural Plastics in Aircraft,” Plastics Technical Evaluation Center, U.S. Army Picatinny Arsenal (Mar. 1965), p. 7.
[42]. Ibid., p. 9.
[43]. Ibid.
[44]. Ibid.
[45]. John M. Swihart, “Commercial Jet Transportation Structures and Materials Evolution,” Apr. 1985, presented at AIAA Evolution of Aircraft/Aerospace Structures and Materials Symposium, Dayton, OH, Apr. 24–25, 1985, p. 5-10.
[46]. Ibid., p. 20.
[47]. F.S. Snyder and R.E. Drake, “Experience with Reinforced Plastic Primary Aircraft Structures,” presented at the Society of Automotive Engineers’ Automotive Engineering Congress in Detroit, MI, Jan. 14–18, 1963, p. 1.
[48]. Ibid.
[49]. Ibid., p. 4.
[50]. Ibid., p. 4.
[51]. Swihart, “Commercial Jet Transportation Structures and Materials Evolution,” p. 5-3.
[52]. Ibid., pp. 5–6.
[53]. Richard A. Pride, “Composite Fibres and Composites,” NASA CP-2074 (1979).
[54]. Ibid.
[55]. Robert L. James and Dal V. Maddalon, “The Drive for Aircraft Energy Efficiency,” Aerospace America, Feb. 1984, p. 54.
[56]. Ibid.
[57]. Swihart, “Commercial Jet Transportation Structures and Materials Evolution.”
[58]. Richard G. O’Lone, “Industry Tackles Composites Challenge,” Aviation Week & Space Technology, Sept. 15, 1980, p. 22.
[59]. Marvin B. Dow, “The ACEE Program and Basic Composites Research at Langley Research Centre (1975 to 1986): Summary and Bibliography,” NASA RP-1177 (1987), p. 1.
[60]. Ibid., p. 14
[61]. Ravi B. Deo, James H. Starnes, Jr., and Richard C. Holzwarth, “Low-Cost Composite Materials and Structures for Aircraft Applications,” presented at the NATO Research and Technology Agency Applied Vehicle Technical Panel Specialists’ Meeting on Low-Cost Composite Structures, Loen, Norway, May 7–8, 2001, p. 1-1.
[62]. Ibid., p. SM 1-2.
[63]. O’Lone, “Industry Tackles Composites Challenge,” p. 22.
[64]. Richard N. Hadcock, “X-29 Composite Wing,” presented at the AIAA Evolution of Aircraft/Aerospace Structures and Materials Symposium, Dayton, OH, Apr. 24–25, 1985, p. 7–1.
[65]. Joseph J. Klumpp, “Parametric Cost Estimation Applied to Composite Helicopter Airframes” (Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School master’s thesis, 1994).
[66]. Ibid.
[67]. Ibid., p. 68.
[68]. D.A. Reed and R. Gable, “Ground Shake Test of the Boeing Model 360 Helicopter Airframe,” NASA CR-181766 (1989), p. 6.
[69]. Deo, Starnes, and Holzwarth, “Low-Cost Composite Materials and Structures for Aircraft Applications.”
[70]. “Lightweight Composites Are Displacing Metals,” Business Week, July 30, 1979, p. 36D.
[71]. E.H. Hooper, “Starship 1,” presented at the AIAA Evolution of Aircraft/Aerospace Structures and Materials Symposium, Dayton, OH, Apr. 24–25, 1985, p. 6–1.
[72]. Ibid.
[73]. “Energy Efficiency Funding Detailed,” Aviation Week & Space Technology, Nov. 12, 1979, p. 122.
[74]. Dow, “The ACEE Program and Basic Composites Research at Langley Research Centre (1975 to 1986): Summary and Bibliography,” p. 3.
[75]. Ibid.
[76]. Ibid., pp. 4–5.
[77]. “Composite Programs Pushed by NASA,” Aviation Week & Space Technology, Nov. 12, 1979, p. 203.
[78]. James and Maddalon, “The Drive for Aircraft Energy Efficiency,” p. 54.
[79]. Herman L. Bohon and John G. Davis, Jr., “Composites for Large Transports—Facing the Challenge,” Aerospace America, June 1984, p. 58.
[80]. Ibid.
[81]. James and Maddalon, “The Drive for Aircraft Energy Efficiency,” p. 54.
[82]. Bohon and Davis, “Composites for Large Transports—Facing the Challenge,” p. 58.
[83]. Ibid.
[84]. James and Maddalon, “The Drive for Aircraft Energy Efficiency,” p. 54.
[85]. Ibid.
[86]. Dow, “The ACEE Program and Basic Composites Research at Langley Research Centre (1975 to 1986): Summary and Bibliography,” p. 6.
[87]. Bohon and Davis, “Composites for Large Transports—Facing the Challenge,” p. 58.
[88]. Ibid.
[89]. Dow, “The ACEE Program and Basic Composites Research at Langley Research Centre (1975 to 1986): Summary and Bibliography,” p. 6.
[90]. Deo, Starnes, and Holzwarth, “Low-Cost Composite Materials and Structures for Aircraft Applications,” p. 6–7.
[91]. Ibid.
[92]. Richard Piellisch, “Composites Roll Sevens,” Aerospace America, Oct. 1992, p. 26.
[93]. Mark T. Wright, et al., “Composite Materials in Aircraft Mishaps Involving Fire: A Literature Review,” Naval Air Warfare Center Weapons Division TP-8552, June 2003, p. 13.
[94]. Bohon and Davis, “Composites for Large Transports—Facing the Challenge,” p. 58.
[95]. Dow, “The ACEE Program and Basic Composites Research at Langley Research Centre (1975 to 1986): Summary and Bibliography,” p. 6.
[96]. Jay C. Lowndes, “Keeping a Sharp Technology Edge,” Aerospace America, Feb. 1988, p. 24.
[97]. Ibid.
[98]. Ibid.
[99]. Wright, et al., “Composite Materials in Aircraft Mishaps Involving Fire: A Literature Review,” pp. 8–9.
[100]. “Carbon Fire Hazard Concerns NASA,” Aviation Week & Space Technology, Mar. 5, 1979, p. 47.
[101]. Lt. John M. Olson, USAF, “Mishap Risk Control for Advanced Aerospace/Composite Materials” (Wright-Patterson AFB: USAF Advanced Composites Program Office, 1995), p. 4.
[102]. “Carbon Fibre Risk Analysis,” NASA CP-2074 (1979), p. iii.
[103]. Wright, et al., “Composite Materials in Aircraft Mishaps Involving Fire: A Literature Review,” pp. 8–9.