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Digital Signal Processing and Digital Filter Design by C. Sidney Burrus - HTML preview
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Digital Signal Processing and Digital Filter Design
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Digital Signal Processing and Digital Filter Design (Draft)
Table of Contents
Preface: Digital Signal Processing and Digital Filter Design
1
.
References
Chapter
1
.
Signals and Signal Processing Systems
1.1
.
Continuous-Time Signals
The Fourier Series
Definition of the Fourier Series
A Geometric View
Properties of the Fourier Series
Examples
Theorems on the Fourier Series
The Fourier Transform
Definition of the Fourier Transform
Properties of the Fourier Transform
Examples of the Fourier Transform
The Laplace Transform
Definition of the Laplace Transform
Properties of the Laplace Transform
References
1.2
.
Discrete-Time Signals
The Discrete Fourier Transform
Definition of the DFT
Matrix Formulation of the DFT
Extensions of x(n)
Convolution
Properties of the DFT
Examples of the DFT
The Discrete-Time Fourier Transform
Definition of the DTFT
Properties
Evaluation of the DTFT by the DFT
Examples of DTFT
The Z-Transform
Definition of the Z-Transform
Properties
Examples of the Z-Transform
Inversion of the Z-Transform
Solution of Difference Equations using the Z-Transform
Region of Convergence for the Z-Transform
Relation of the Z-Transform to the DTFT and the DFT
Relationships Among Fourier Transforms
Wavelet-Based Signal Analysis
The Basic Wavelet Theory
Generalization of the Basic Wavelet System
References
1.3
.
Discrete-Time Systems
Classifications
Convolution
Derivation of the Convolution Sum
The Matrix Formulation of Convolution
The Z-Transform Transfer Function
Frequency Response of Discrete-Time Systems
Fundamental Theorem of Linear, Time-Invariant Systems
Pole-Zero Plots
Relation of PZ Plots, FR Plots, Impulse R
State Variable Formulation
Difference Equations
Flow Graph Representation
Standard Structures
FIR and IIR Structures
Quantization Effects
Multidimensional Systems
References
1.4
.
Sampling, Up--Sampling, Down--Sampling, and Multi--Rate
Fourier Techniques
The Spectrum of a Continuous-Time Signal and the Fourier Transform
The Spectrum of a Sampled Signal and the DTFT
Samples of the Spectrum of a Sampled Signal and the DFT
Samples of the DTFT of a Sequence
Fourier Series Coefficients from the DFT
Shannon's Sampling Theorem
Calculation of the Fourier Transform and Fourier Series using the FFT
Summary
Sampling Functions — the Shah Function
Up–Sampling, Signal Stretching, and Interpolation
Down–Sampling, Subsampling, or Decimation
More Later
References
Chapter
2
.
Finite Impulse Response Digital Filters and Their Design
2.1
.
FIR Digital Filters
Frequency-Domain Description of FIR Filters
Linear-Phase FIR Filters
The Discrete Time Fourier Transform with Normalization
Four Types of Linear-Phase FIR Filters
Calculation of FIR Filter Frequency Response
Zero Locations for Linear-Phase FIR Filters
Section Summary
FIR Digital Filter Design
References
2.2
.
FIR Filter Design by Frequency Sampling or Interpolation
Frequency Sampling Filter Design by Inverse DFT
Frequency Sampling Filter Design by Formulas
Type 1. Odd Sampling
Type 2. Odd Sampling
Even Sampling
Type 1. Even Sampling
Type 2. Even Sampling
Type 3. Odd Sampling
Type 4. Odd Sampling
Type 3. Even Sampling
Type 4. Even Sampling
Frequency Sampling Design of FIR Filters by Solution of Simultaneous Equations
Examples of Frequency Sampling FIR Filter Design
References
2.3
.
Least Squared Error Design of FIR Filters
Discrete Frequency Samples of Error
Truncated frequency sampling design using the inverse FFT or IDCT
Weighted, Unevenly Sampled Discrete Least Squared Error Filter Design by Solving Simultaneous Equations
Examples of Discrete Least Squared Error Filter Design
Continuous Frequency Definition of Error
The Unweighted Least Integral Squared Error Approximation
Ideal Constant Gain Passband Lowpass Filter
Ideal Linearly Increasing Gain Passband Lowpass Filter
Ideal Differentiator plus Lowpass Filter
Hilbert Transformer
Spline Transition Band Design
The Optimal Multiband Least Squared Error Design Method
A Matlab Filter Design Program
Design Examples
Weighted Least Integral Squares FIR Filter Design
Matlab Programs
Examples
Section Conclusions
Characteristics of Optimal Filters
Complex and Minimum Phase Approximation
References
2.4
.
Chebyshev or Equal Ripple Error Approximation Filters
The Linear Phase FIR Filter Chebyshev Approximation Problem
Chebyshev Approximation by Linear Programming
Chebyshev Approximations using the Exchange Algorithms
The Basic Parks-McClellan Formulation and Algorithm
Examples of the Parks-McClellan Algorithm
The Modified Parks-McClellan Algorithm
The Hofstetter, Oppenheim, and Siegel Algorithm
The Shpak and Antoniou Algorithm
The New Equal Ripple Design Formulation and Exchange Algorithm
Estimations of , the Length of Optimal Chebyshev FIR Filters
Examples of Optimal Chebyshev Filters
Chebyshev Approximation using Approximation
Characteristics of Optimal Chebyshev Filters
Complex Chebyshev Approximation
Conclusions and Discussions of Chebyshev Design
References
2.5
.
Taylor Series, Maximally Flat, and Zero Moment Design Criteria
References
2.6
.
Constrained Approximation and Mixed Criteria
Trade-off of Error Measures and Design Specifications
Constrained Least Squares Design
The Lagrangian
The Constrained Weighted Least Squares Design of FIR Filters
The Exchange Algorithms
Examples and Observations on CLS Designs
L^p Approximation and the Iterative Reweighted Least Squares Method
Iterative Reweighted Least Squares Filter Design Methods
Minimum Squared Error Approximations
Iterative Algorithms to Minimize the Error
Basic Iterative Reweighted Least Squares
The Karlovitz Method
Newton's Methods
A New Robust IRLS Method
Different Error Criteria in Different Bands
The Constrained Approximation
Application to the Complex Approximation and the 2D Filter Design Problem
Section Conclusions
Minimum Phase Design
Window Function Design of FIR Filters
References
Chapter
3
.
Infinite Impulse Response Digital Filters and Their Design
3.1
.
Properties of IIR Filters
Frequency-Domain Formulation of IIR Filters
Calculation of the IIR Filter Frequency Response
Pole-Zero Locations for IIR Filters
Summary
References
3.2
.
Design of Infinite Impulse Response (IIR) Filters by Frequency Transformations
Rational Function Approximation
Classical Analog Lowpass Filter Approximations
References
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