Environmental Considerations by Department of the Army - HTML preview

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Glossary

SECTION I-ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

AAR                   After-action review

ACCP                   Army Correspondence Course Program

AKO                   Army Knowledge Online

AO                   area of operations

AOR                   area of responsibility

AR                   Army regulation

ARNG                   Army National Guard

BN                   battalion

CA                   civil affairs

CALL                   Center for Army Lessons Learned

CBRN                   chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear

CBRNE                   chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and high-yield explosives

CCIR                   commander's critical information requirements

CERCLA                   Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act

CFC                   chlorofluorocarbons

CFR                   Code of Federal Regulations

CJCS                   Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff

COA                   course of action

CONEX                   container express

 CONUS                   continental United States

COP                   common operational picture

CP                   commander's policy

CRM                   composite risk management

CSB                   Combat Support Battalion

DA                   Department of the Army

DEI                   Directorate of Environmental Integration

DOD                   Department of Defense

DODD                   Department of Defense directive

 DODI                   Department of Defense instruction

DOL                   Directorate of Logistics

DOT                   Department of Transportation

DPW                   Directorate of Public Works

DRMO                   Defense Reutilization and Marketing Office

DS2                   decontaminant solution 2

DSN                   defense switched network

DTG                   date-time group

ea                   each

EBS                   environmental baseline survey

ECR                   environmental conditions report

EHSA                   environmental health site assessment

ENCOORD                   engineer coordinator

EO                   executive order

EOD                   explosive ordinance disposal

EPA                   Environmental Protection Agency

EPAS                   Environmental Performance Assessment System

EPCRA                   Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act

ESA                   Endangered Species Act

ESOH                   environmental, safety, and occupational health

FGS                   final governing standards

 FHP                   force health protection

FM                   field manual

FSE                   fire support element

FTX                   field training exercise

G-3                   Assistant Chief of Staff, Operations and Plans

G-4                     Assistant Chief of Staff, Logistics

G-9                      Assistant Chief of Staff, Civil Affairs Operations

GSA                   General Services Administration

GTA                   graphic training aid

HAZCOM                   hazard communication

HEMTT                   heavy expanded-mobility tactical truck

HM                   hazardous material

HQ                   headquarters

http                   hypertext transfer protocol

HW                   hazardous waste

IED                   improvised explosive device

IO                   information operations

IPB                   intelligence preparation of the battlefield

ISO                   International Organization for Standardization

ITAM                   integrated training area management

J-2                   intelligence staff section

J-3                   operations staff section

J-4                     logistics staff section

J-9                      civil-military operations staff section

JEMB                   Joint Environmental Management Board

JOA                   joint operations area

JOPES                   Joint Operation Planning and Execution System

JP                   joint publication

JRTC                   Joint Readiness Training Center

JSI                   joint staff instruction

LOW                   law of war

MAJ                   major

MANSCEN                   Maneuver Support Center

MCO                   Marine Corps order

MCRP                   Marine Corps reference publication

MCWP                   Marine Corps warfighting publication

MDMP                   military decisionmaking process

MED                   medical

METT-T                   mission, enemy, terrain and weather, troops and support available, time available, and civil considerations (Marine Corps)

METT-TC                   mission, enemy, terrain and weather, troops and support available, time available, civil considerations

MGRS MOS                       military grid reference system military occupational specialty

MSDS                   material safety data sheet

NAVSUPINST                   naval supply instruction

NCO                   noncommissioned officer

NCOIC                   noncommissioned officer in charge

NEPA                   National Environmental Policy Act

NIOSH                   National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

NOV                   notice of violation

NSN                   national stock number

NWP                   naval warfare publication

OCONUS                   outside the continental United States

OEBGD                   overseas environmental baseline guidance document

OPLAN                   operation plan

OPNAVINST                   Chief of Naval Operations instruction

OPORD                   operation order

OSHA                   Occupational Safety and Health Administration

P2                   pollution prevention

Pam                  pamphlet

PAO                      public affairs officer

PCB                   polychlorinated biphenyl

PIR                   priority intelligence requirements

POC                   point of contact

POL                   petroleum, oils, and lubricants

PPE                   personal protective equipment

QM                   quartermaster

RCRA                   Resource Conservation and Recovery Act

S-1                   personnel staff officer

S-2                   intelligence staff officer

S-3                   operations staff officer

S-4                         logistics staff officer civil affairs staff officer

S-9                             logistics staff officer civil affairs staff officer

SARA                   Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act

SITREP                   situation report

SJA                   staff judge advocate

SME                   subject matter expert

SOFA                   status-of-forces agreement

SOP                   standing operating procedure

SPILLREP                   spill report

STB                   super tropical bleach

TB                   technical bulletin

TG                   technical guide

TIC                   toxic industrial chemical

 TIM                   toxic industrial material

TM                   technical manual

TSP                   training support package

U.S.                   United States

USACE                   United States Army Corps of Engineers

USACHPPM                   United States Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine

USAEC                   United States Army Environmental Command

USAES                   United States Army Engineer School

USAR                   United States Army Reserve

USMC                   United States Marine Corps

UTM                   universal traverse mercator

UxO                   unexploded explosive ordnance

WMD                   weapons of mass destruction

www                   World Wide Web

SECTION II-

*critical habitat

A designated area declared essential for the survival of a protected species under authority of the Endangered Species Act.

*discharge

The accidental or intentional spilling, leaking, pumping, pouring, emitting, emptying, or dumping of a substance into or on any land or water.

*disposal (waste)

The discharge, deposit, injection, dumping, spilling, leaking, or placing of any solid waste or hazardous waste into or on any land or water. The act is such that the solid waste or hazardous waste, or any constituent thereof, may enter the environment or be emitted into the air or discharged into any waters, including groundwater.

*endangered species

Those species designated by the Secretary of the Interior that are in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of their range.

*environmental area of interest

An environmentally sensitive area that may be deemed worthy of special consideration because of its unique and important qualities relative to adjacent areas (for example, the only forest within a large region) or the importance of its natural environment function (for example, a wetland, flood plains, permafrost area, or an endangered species critical habitat). The environmental area of interest includes man-made structures, such as wastewater treatment plants and dams.

*environmental assessment

A study to determine if significant environmental impacts are expected from a proposed action.

*environmental baseline survey

(Army) An assessment or study done on an area of interest (a property) in order to define the environmental state or condition of that property prior to use by military forces. Used to determine the environmental impact of property use by military forces and the level of environmental restoration needed prior to returning the property upon their departure.

*environmental compliance

The unconditional obeying of international, foreign nation, federal, state, and local environmental rules, regulations, and guidelines that affect current operations.

*environmental conditions report

A concise summary of environmental conditions at a base camp site, based on the environmental baseline survey, supported by maps and backup documents, prepared by base camp commanders for each base camp. The environmental conditions report documents conditions at the site if claims or other legal challenges arise against the government. Also called ECR.

*environmental ethic

Taking care of the environment because it is the right thing to do. This ethic is the operating principle and value that governs individual Soldiers, units, and the Army.

*environmental hazard

All activities that may pollute, create negative noise-related effects, degrade archaeological/cultural resources, or negatively affect threatened or endangered species habitats. They also include environmental health-related hazards.

*environmental impact statement

Detailed description of the effects, impacts, or consequences associated with designing, manufacturing, testing, operating, maintaining, and disposing of weapon systems or automated information systems. Under the National Environmental Policy Act, an environmental impact statement is required when cultural resources may be damaged or significantly adversely affected.

*environmental noise

The outdoor noise environment consisting of all noise (including ambient noise) from all sources that extend beyond, but do not include, the workplace.

*environmental performance assessment system

The examination of an installation's environmental program review to identify possible compliance deficiencies. It also includes designing corrective action plans and implementing fixes for identified deficiencies. Also called EPAS.

*environmental planning

Efforts that consider the impact of operation, training, exercises, or weapon system introduction on the environment and, where necessary, allow decisionmakers to take early action to eliminate or mitigate those impacts.

*environmental pollution

The condition resulting from the presence of chemical, mineral, radioactive, or biological substances that alter the natural environment or that adversely affect human health or the quality of life, biosystems, the environment, structures and equipment, recreational opportunities, aesthetics, or natural beauty.

*environmental protection

The application of human ingenuity and resources, through the disciplines of science and engineering, as required by environmental protection laws, regulations, and policies, to protect the natural environment.

*environmental protection level

The varying level of environmental protection that can reasonably be afforded at any particular time during military operations, given the absolute requirement that such a diversion of resources away from the mission at hand does not adversely affect that mission, any friendly personnel, or indigenous or refugee populations.

*environmental reconnaissance

The systematic observation and recording of site or area data collected by visual or physical means, dealing specifically with environmental conditions as they exist, and identifying areas that are environmentally sensitive or of relative environmental concern, for information and decisionmaking purposes.

*environmental services

The various combinations of scientific, technical, and advisory activities (including modification processes such as the influence of man-made and natural factors) required to acquire, produce, and supply information on the past, present, and future states of space, atmospheric, oceanographic, and terrestrial surroundings for use in military planning and decisionmaking processes or to modify those surroundings to enhance military operations.

*groundwater

A body of water, generally within the boundaries of a watershed, that exists in the internal passageways of porous geological formations (aquifers) and flows in response to gravitational forces.

*hazard communication

The responsibility of leaders and supervisors concerning possible hazards in the workplace and notification of hazards and necessary precaution to their personnel. Also called HAZCOM.

*hazardous material

Any substance which has a human health hazard associated with it. Special storage, use, handling, and shipment safety procedures and protocols must be followed to help protect against accidental

exposure. Hazardous materials are specifically identified under federal law.

*hazardous substance

Elements, compounds, mixtures, solutions, and substances that, when released into the environment, may present a substantial danger to public health and welfare or the environment.

*hazardous waste

A solid waste that is either listed as such in federal law or exhibits any of the four hazardous characteristics- ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, or toxicity.

*hazardous waste accumulation site

A specially designated site for the temporary collection of hazardous wastes where no container may remain on-site for more than 90 days. The site, and containers within it, must be properly marked and certain safety and management procedures apply. There is no limitation on the quantity of wastes which may be kept on site.

*medical waste

Any waste that is generated in the diagnosis, treatment, or immunization of human beings or animals.

*military environmental protection

The application and integration of all aspects of natural environmental considerations as they apply to the conduct of military operations.

*monitoring

(joint, NATO) 1. The act of listening, carrying out surveillance on, and/or recording the emissions of one's own or multinational forces for the purpose of maintaining and improving procedural standards and security, or for reference, as applicable. See FM 34-1. 2. The act of listening, carrying out surveillance on, and/or recording of enemy emissions for intelligence purposes. See FM 34-1. 3. The act of detecting the presence of radiation and the measurement thereof with radiation measuring instruments. Also called radiological monitoring. See FM 3-3-1. (Army) 1. An element of assessment: continuous observation of the common operational picture to identify indicators of opportunities for success, threats to the force, and gaps in information. (FM 6-0) 2. The assessment of emissions and ambient air quality conditions.

*natural environment

The human ecosystem, including both the physical and biological systems that provide resources (clean air, clean water, healthy surroundings, and sufficient food), necessary to sustain productive human life. Included in the natural environment are man-made structures, such as water and wastewater treatment facilities and natural/cultural resources.

*notice of violation

Formal written document provided to an installation by a regulatory agency as a result of environmental noncompliance. Also called NOV.

*restoration

The systematic removal of pollution or contaminants from the environment, especially from the soil or groundwater, by physical, chemical, or biological means. Also known as remediation or environmental cleanup.

*solid waste

Any material or substance (solid or liquid) that is inherently waste-like by being no longer suitable for its originally intended purpose.

*source reduction

The decrease of hazardous waste generation at its sources. This reduction is to be achieved through product substitution, recycling, and inventory control, and by developing new industrial processes that use less hazardous materials, such as bead blasting rather than solvents to remove paint.

*spill

A generic term that encompasses the accidental and the deliberate but unpermitted discharge or release of a pollutant.

*surface water

All water naturally open to the atmosphere (rivers, lakes, reservoirs, ponds, streams, impoundments, seas, or estuaries) and all springs, wells, or other collectors directly influenced by surface water.

*threatened species

Those species that are likely to become endangered within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of their range.

*toxic

Capable of producing illness, injury, or damage to humans, domestic livestock, wildlife, or other organisms through ingestion, inhalation, or absorption through any body surface.

*waste

Capable of producing illness, injury, or damage to humans, domestic livestock, wildlife, Any discarded material.

References

SOURCES USED

These are the sources quoted or paraphrased in this publication.

ARMY PUBLICATIONS

ACCP EN5700. Junior Enlisted Environmental Awareness Training, Edition D. 1 September 2008. ACCP EN5702. Small-Unit Leaders' Environmental Awareness Training, Edition D. 1 October 2008. ACCP EN5704. Senior Leaders' Environmental Awareness Training, Edition F. 1 September 2008. AR 40-5. Preventive Medicine. 25 May 2007.

AR 200-1. Environmental Protection and Enhancement. 13 December 2007. AR 350-19. The Army Sustainable Range Program. 30 August 2005.

AR 385-10. The Army Sa!ety Program. 23 August 2007.

AR 700-141. Hazardous Materials In!ormation Resource System. 13 August 2007. CALL Newsletter 99-9. Integrating Military Environmental Protection. 1 August 1999. CALL Newsletter 04-19. (O)Environmental Considerations During Military Operations.

November 2004.

https:llcall2.army.milldefault.aspx (Restricted Digital Library)

DA Pam 700-142. Instructions !or Materiel Release, Fielding, and Trans!er. 2 August 2004. FM 3-0. Operations. 27 February 2008.

FM 3-34. Engineer Operations. 2 April 2009.

FM 3-34.400. General Engineering. 9 December 2008.

FM 4-25.12. Unit Field Sanitation Team. 25 January 2002.

FM 4-02. Force Health Protection in a Global Environment. 13 February 2003. FM 5-0. Army Planning and Orders Production. 20 January 2005.

FM 5-19. Composite Risk Management. 21 August 2006.

FM 6-99.2. U.S. Army Report and Message Formats. 30 April 2007. FM 7-15. The Army Universal Task List. 27 February 2009.

FM 10-67. Petroleum Supply in Theaters o! Operations. 18 February 1983.

FM 10-67-1. Concepts and Equipment o! Petroleum Operations. 2 April 1998. FM 21-10. Field Hygiene and Sanitation. 21 June 2000.

GTA 05-08-002. Environmental-Related Risk Assessment. 1 March 2008.

GTA 05-08-003. Hazardous Material Spill Response Procedures. 1 September 2009.

GTA 05-08-004. The Soldier and the Environment: Soldier's Environmental Ethic and Responsibility

Card. 1 September 2007.

GTA 05-08-005. Leadership and the Environment: A Unit Leader's Field Guide, Assessment, and

Quality Assurance Checklist. 1 March 2008.

GTA 05-08-012. Individual Sa!ety Card. 1 December 2005.

GTA 05-08-014. The Environment and Predeployment: Unit Predeployment and Load Plan Considerations. 1 January 2003.

GTA 05-08-016. The Environment and Redeployment: How to Clear a Base Camp. 1 September 2008. GTA 05-08-017. The Environment and Deployment: Tactical Risk and Spill Reaction Procedures. 1 January 2003.

GTA 05-08-018. Dust Suppression Alternatives. 1 August 2006.

GTA 05-08-019. The Soldier's Field Card: Checklist for Environmental Considerations During

Training and Deployment. 1 April 2008.

TB 43-0134. Battery Disposition and Disposal. 19 May 2008.

TB MED 593. Guidelines for Field Waste Management. 15 September 2006.

The Army Strategy for the Environment. 1 October 2004.

TM 5-830-3. Dust Control for Roads, Airfields, and Adjacent Areas. 30 September 1987. TM 38-410. Storage and Handling of Hazardous Material. 13 January 1999.

USACHPPM TG-217. Hazardous MateriallHazardous Waste Management Guidance for Maneuver

Units During Field and Deployment Operations. October 2000.

CHAIRMAN OF THE JOINT CHIEFS OF STAFF PUBLICATIONS

C JCSI 5810.01C. Implementation of the DOD Law of War Program. 31 January 2007.

CJCSM 3122.03C. Joint Operation Planning and Execution System Volume II, Planning Formats and Guidance. 17 August 2007.

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE PUBLICATIONS

DOD 4160-21-M. Defense Materiel Disposition Manual. 18 August 1997.

DOD 4715.05-G. Overseas Environmental Baseline Guidance Document. 1 May 2007. DODD 4715.1E. Environment, Security, Occupational Health (ESOH). 19 March 2005. DODD 5101.1. DOD Executive Agent. 3 September 2002.

DODD 6050.7. Environmental Effects Abroad of Major Department of Defense Actions. 31 March 1979.

DODD 6050.16. DOD Policy for Establishing and Implementing Environmental Standards at Overseas Installations. 20 September 1991.

DODD 6490.2E. Comprehensive Health Surveillance. 21 October 2004.

DODI 4715.5. Management of Environmental Compliance at Overseas Installations. 22 April 1996. DODI 4715.8. Environmental Remediation for Department of Defense Activities Overseas. 2 February 1998.

DODI 6490.03. Deployment Health. 11 August 2006.

EXECUTIVE ORDERS

EO 11987. Exotic Organisms. 24 May 1977.

EO 11990. Protection of Wetlands. 24 May 1977.

EO 12088. Federal Compliance with Pollution Control Standards. 13 October 1978. EO 12114. Environmental Effects Abroad of Major Federal Actions. 4 January 1979. EO 12580. Superfund Implementation. 23 January 1987.

EO 12856. Federal Compliance with Right-to-Know Laws and Pollution Prevention Requirements.

3 August 1993.

EO 13007. Indian Sacred Sites. 24 May 1996.

EO 13101. Greening the Government Through Waste Prevention, Recycling, and Federal Acquisition. 14 September 1998.

EO 13423. Strengthening Federal Environmental, Energy, and Transportation Management. 24 January 2007.

FEDERAL ACTS

Archaeological Resources Protection Act of 1979. 31 October 1979. Clean Air Act. 14 July 1955.

Clean Water Act. 18 October 1972.

References

Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act. 11 December 1980. Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act. 17 October 1986.

Endangered Species Act of 1973. 28 December 1973. Federal Facility Compliance Act of 1992. 6 October 1992.

Federal Hazardous Materials Transportation Law. 26 August 1994. Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act. 25 June 1947. Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972. 21 October 1972.

Military Munitions Rule. 12 February1997.

National Defense Authorization Act. 24 November 2003. National Environmental Policy Act of 1969. 1 January 1970. National Historic Preservation Act. 15 October 1966.

Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act. 16 November 1990. Noise Control Act of 1972. 27 October 1972.

Oil Pollution Act of 1990. 18 August 1990.

Pollution Prevention Act of 1990. 5 November 1990. Quiet Communities Act of 2005. 14 June 2005.

Resource Conservation and Recovery Act. 21 October 1976. Safe Drinking Water Act. 12 December 1974.

Sikes Act. 15 September 1960.

Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act. 17 October 1986. Toxic Substances Control Act. 11 October 1976.

United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. 10 December 1982.

JOINT PUBLICATIONS

AR 700-68/DLAI 4145.25/NAVSUPINST 4440.128D/AFJMAN 23-227(I)/ MCO 10330.2D. Storage and Handling of Liquefied and Gaseous Compressed Gasses and Their Full and Empty Cylinders. 16 June