may not mock at having escaped an evil doom—Pelias who left me unhonoured with sacrifice. Moreover Ja-
(ll. 83-89) She spake, and Hera again addressed her son was greatly loved by me before, ever since at the with prudence: “It is not in need of might or of strength mouth of Anaurus in flood, as I was making trial of that we have come. But just quietly bid thy boy charm men’s righteousness, he met me on his return from the Aeetes’ daughter with love for Jason. For if she will aid chase; and all the mountains and long ridged peaks him with her kindly counsel, easily do I think he will were sprinkled with snow, and from them the torrents win the fleece of gold and return to Iolcus, for she is rolling down were rushing with a roar. And he took full of wiles.”
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(ll. 90-99) Thus she spake, and Cypris addressed them gry or contend with thy boy; he will cease hereafter to both: “Hera and Athena, he will obey you rather than vex thee.”
me. For unabashed though he is, there will be some slight shame in his eyes before you; but he has no re-
(ll. 111-128) She spake, and left her seat, and Athena spect for me, but ever slights me in contentious mood.
accompanied her and they went forth both hastening back.
And, overborne by his naughtiness, I purpose to break And Cypris went on her way through the glens of his ill-sounding arrows and his bow in his very sight.
Olympus to find her boy. And she found him apart, in For in his anger he has threatened that if I shall not the blooming orchard of Zeus, not alone, but with him keep my hands off him while he still masters his tem-Ganymedes, whom once Zeus had set to dwell among per, I shall have cause to blame myself thereafter.” the immortal gods, being enamoured of his beauty. And they were playing for golden dice, as boys in one house (ll. 100-105) So she spake, and the goddesses smiled are wont to do. And already greedy Eros was holding the and looked at each other. But Cypris again spoke, vexed palm of his left hand quite full of them under his breast, at heart: “To others my sorrows are a jest; nor ought I standing upright; and on the bloom of his cheeks a sweet to tell them to all; I know them too well myself. But blush was glowing. But the other sat crouching hard by, now, since this pleases you both, I will make the at-silent and downcast, and he had two dice left which he tempt and coax him, and he will not say me nay.” threw one after the other, and was angered by the loud laughter of Eros. And lo, losing them straightway with (ll. 106-110) Thus she spake, and Hera took her slen-the former, he went off empty handed, helpless, and noder hand and gently smiling, replied: “Perform this task, ticed not the approach of Cypris. And she stood before Cytherea, straightway, as thou sayest; and be not anher boy, and laying her hand on his lips, addressed him: 83
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(ll. 129-144) “Why dost thou smile in triumph, unut-that, clung to the goddess. And he implored her to terable rogue? Hast thou cheated him thus, and un-bestow the gift at once; but she, facing him with kindly justly overcome the innocent child? Come, be ready words, touched his cheeks, kissed him and drew him to perform for me the task I will tell thee of, and I will to her, and replied with a smile: give thee Zeus’ all-beauteous plaything — the one which his dear nurse Adrasteia made for him, while he still (ll. 151-153) “Be witness now thy dear head and mine, lived a child, with childish ways, in the Idaean cave—a that surely I will give thee the gift and deceive thee well-rounded ball; no better toy wilt thou get from the not, if thou wilt strike with thy shaft Aeetes’ daughter.” hands of Hephaestus. All of gold are its zones, and round each double seams run in a circle; but the stitches (ll. 154-166) She spoke, and he gathered up his dice, are hidden, and a dark blue spiral overlays them all.
and having well counted them all threw them into his But if thou shouldst cast it with thy hands, lo, like a mother’s gleaming lap. And straightway with golden star, it sends a flaming track through the sky. This I baldric he slung round him his quiver from where it will give thee; and do thou strike with thy shaft and leant against a tree-trunk, and took up his curved bow.
charm the daughter of Aeetes with love for Jason; and And he fared forth through the fruitful orchard of the let there be no loitering. For then my thanks would be palace of Zeus. Then he passed through the gates of the slighter.”
Olympus high in air; hence is a downward path from heaven; and the twin poles rear aloft steep mountain (ll. 145-150) Thus she spake, and welcome were her tops the highest crests of earth, where the risen sun words to the listening boy. And he threw down all his grows ruddy with his first beams. And beneath him toys, and eagerly seizing her robe on this side and on there appeared now the life-giving earth and cities of 84
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men and sacred streams of rivers, and now in turn ing his frowardness first from himself, we will consider mountain peaks and the ocean all around, as he swept whether we shall meet him in battle, or some other through the vast expanse of air.
plan shall avail us, if we refrain from the war-cry. And let us not merely by force, before putting words to the (ll. 167-193) Now the heroes apart in ambush, in a test, deprive him of his own possession. But first it is back-water of the river, were met in council, sitting on better to go to him and win his favour by speech.
the benches of their ship. And Aeson’s son himself was Oftentimes, I ween, does speech accomplish at need speaking among them; and they were listening silently what prowess could hardly catty through, smoothing in their places sitting row upon row: “My friends, what the path in manner befitting. And he once welcomed pleases myself that will I say out; it is for you to bring noble Phrixus, a fugitive from his stepmother’s wiles about its fulfilment. For in common is our task, and and the sacrifice prepared by his father. For all men common to all alike is the right of speech; and he who everywhere, even the most shameless, reverence the in silence withholds his thought and his counsel, let ordinance of Zeus, god of strangers, and regard it.” him know that it is he alone that bereaves this band of its home-return. Do ye others rest here in the ship qui-
(ll. 194-209) Thus he spake, and the youths approved etly with your arms; but I will go to the palace of Aeetes, the words of Aeson’s son with one accord, nor was taking with me the sons of Phrixus and two comrades there one to counsel otherwise. And then he summoned as well. And when I meet him I will first make to go with him the sons of Phrixus, and Telamon and trialwords to see if he will be willing to give up the Augeias; and himself took Hermes’ wand; and at once golden fleece for friendship’s sake or not, but trusting they passed forth from the ship beyond the reeds and to his might will set at nought our quest. For so, learn-the water to dry land, towards the rising ground of the 85
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plain. The plain, I wis, is called Circe’s; and here in the threshold. And close by garden vines covered with line grow many willows and osiers, on whose topmost green foliage were in full bloom, lifted high in air. And branches hang corpses bound with cords. For even now beneath them ran four fountains, ever-flowing, which it is an abomination with the Colchians to burn dead Hephaestus had delved out. One was gushing with milk, men with fire; nor is it lawful to place them in the earth one with wine, while the third flowed with fragrant oil; and raise a mound above, but to wrap them in un-and the fourth ran with water, which grew warm at the tanned oxhides and suspend them from trees far from setting of the Pleiads, and in turn at their rising bubbled the city. And so earth has an equal portion with air, forth from the hollow rock, cold as crystal. Such then seeing that they bury the women; for that is the cus-were the wondrous works that the craftsman-god tom of their land.
Hephaestus had fashioned in the palace of Cytaean Aeetes. And he wrought for him bulls with feet of (ll. 210-259) And as they went Hera with friendly bronze, and their mouths were of bronze, and from thought spread a thick mist through the city, that they them they breathed out a terrible flame of fire; more-might fare to the palace of Aeetes unseen by the count-over he forged a plough of unbending adamant, all in less hosts of the Colchians. But soon when from the one piece, in payment of thanks to Helios, who had plain they came to the city and Aeetes’ palace, then taken the god up in his chariot when faint from the again Hera dispersed the mist. And they stood at the Phlegraean fight.* And here an inner-court was built, entrance, marvelling at the king’s courts and the wide and round it were many well-fitted doors and cham-gates and columns which rose in ordered lines round bers here and there, and all along on each side was a the walls; and high up on the palace a coping of stone richly-wrought gallery. And on both sides loftier build-rested on brazen triglyphs. And silently they crossed
*i.e. the fight between the gods and the giants.
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ings stood obliquely. In one, which was the loftiest, saw her embraced her in their gladness; and she with lordly Aeetes dwelt with his queen; and in another dwelt many sobs spoke thus:
Apsyrtus, son of Aeetes, whom a Caucasian nymph, Asterodeia, bare before he made Eidyia his wedded (ll. 260-267) “After all then, ye were not destined to wife, the youngest daughter of Tethys and Oceanus.
leave me in your heedlessness and to wander far; but And the sons of the Colchians called him by the new fate has turned you back. Poor wretch that I am! What name of Phaethon,* because he outshone all the youths.
a yearning for Hellas from some woeful madness seized The other buildings the handmaidens had, and the two you at the behest of your father Phrixus. Bitter sor-daughters of Aeetes, Chalciope and Medea. Medea rows for my heart did he ordain when dying. And why then [they found] going from chamber to chamber in should ye go to the city of Orchomenus, whoever this search of her sister, for Hera detained her within that Orchomenus is, for the sake of Athamas’ wealth, leav-day; but beforetime she was not wont to haunt the pal-ing your mother alone to bear her grief?” ace, but all day long was busied in Hecate’s temple, since she herself was the priestess of the goddess. And (ll. 268-274) Such were her words; and Aeetes came when she saw them she cried aloud, and quickly forth last of all and Eidyia herself came, the queen of Chalciope caught the sound; and her maids, throwing Aeetes, on hearing the voice of Chalciope; and straight-down at their feet their yarn and their thread, rushed way all the court was filled with a throng. Some of the forth all in a throng. And she, beholding her sons thralls were busied with a mighty bull, others with the among them, raised her hands aloft through joy; and axe were cleaving dry billets, and others heating with so they likewise greeted their mother, and when they fire water for the baths; nor was there one who relaxed his toil, serving the king.
*i.e. the Shining One.
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(ll. 275-298) Meantime Eros passed unseen through waxing wondrous great from the small brand consumes the grey mist, causing confusion, as when against graz-all the twigs together; so, coiling round her heart, burnt ing heifers rises the gadfly, which oxherds call the secretly Love the destroyer; and the hue of her soft breese. And quickly beneath the lintel in the porch he cheeks went and came, now pale, now red, in her soul’s strung his bow and took from the quiver an arrow distraction.
unshot before, messenger of pain. And with swift feet unmarked he passed the threshold and keenly glanced (ll. 299-303) Now when the thralls had laid a banquet around; and gliding close by Aeson’s son he laid the ready before them, and they had refreshed themselves arrow-notch on the cord in the centre, and drawing with warm baths, gladly did they please their souls with wide apart with both hands he shot at Medea; and meat and drink. And thereafter Aeetes questioned the speechless amazement seized her soul. But the god him-sons of his daughter, addressing them with these words: self flashed back again from the high-roofed hall, laugh-ing loud; and the bolt burnt deep down in the maiden’s (ll. 304-316) “Sons of my daughter and of Phrixus, heart like a flame; and ever she kept darting bright whom beyond all strangers I honoured in my halls, glances straight up at Aeson’s son, and within her breast how have ye come returning back to Aea? Did some her heart panted fast through anguish, all remembrance calamity cut short your escape in the midst? Ye did not left her, and her soul melted with the sweet pain. And listen when I set before you the boundless length of as a poor woman heaps dry twigs round a blazing the way. For I marked it once, whirled along in the brand—a daughter of toil, whose task is the spinning of chariot of my father Helios, when he was bringing my wool, that she may kindle a blaze at night beneath her sister Circe to the western land and we came to the roof, when she has waked very early—and the flame shore of the Tyrrhenian mainland, where even now 88
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she abides, exceeding far from Colchis. But what plea-heard the illustrious name of Phrixus and thine own; sure is there in words? Do ye tell me plainly what has for to thy city are they faring. And if thou dost wish to been your fortune, and who these men are, your com-know their errand, I will not hide it from time. A cer-panions, and where from your hollow ship ye came tain king, vehemently longing to drive this man far ashore.”
from his fatherland and possessions, because in might he outshone all the sons of Aeolus, sends him to voy-
(ll. 317-319) Such were his questions, and Argus, be-age hither on a bootless venture; and asserts that the fore all his brethren, being fearful for the mission of stock of Aeolus will not escape the heart-grieving wrath Aeson’s son, gently replied, for he was the elder-born: and rage of implacable Zeus, nor the unbearable curse and vengeance due for Phrixus, until the fleece comes (ll. 320-366) “Aeetes, that ship forthwith stormy blasts back to Hellas. And their ship was fashioned by Pallas tore asunder, and ourselves, crouching on the beams, Athena, not such a one as are the ships among the a wave drove on to the beach of the isle of Enyalius* in Colchians, on the vilest of which we chanced. For the the murky night; and some god preserved us. For even fierce waves and wind broke her utterly to pieces; but the birds of Ares that haunted the desert isle beforetime, the other holds firm with her bolts, even though all the not even them did we find. But these men had driven blasts should buffet her. And with equal swiftness she them off, having landed from their ship on the day speedeth before the wind and when the crew ply the before; and the will of Zeus taking pity on us, or some oar with unresting hands. And he hath gathered in her fate, detained them there, since they straightway gave the mightiest heroes of all Achaea, and hath come to us both food and clothing in abundance, when they thy city from wandering far through cities and gulfs of the dread ocean, in the hope that thou wilt grant him
*A name of Ares.
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the fleece. But as thou dost please, so shall it be, for he pleasure; and was angered most of all with the son of cometh not to use force, but is eager to pay thee a rec-Chalciope; for he deemed that on their account the ompense for the gift. He has heard from me of thy strangers had come; and in his fury his eyes flashed bitter foes the Sauromatae, and he will subdue them to forth beneath his brows:
thy sway. And if thou desirest to know their names and lineage I will tell thee all. This man on whose ac-
(ll. 372-381) “Begone from my sight, felons, straight-count the rest were gathered from Hellas, they call Ja-way, ye and your tricks, from the land, ere someone son, son of Aeson, whom Cretheus begat. And if in see a fleece and a Phrixus to his sorrow. Banded to-truth he is of the stock of Cretheus himself, thus he gether with your friends from Hellas, not for the fleece, would be our kinsman on the father’s side. For Cretheus but to seize my sceptre and royal power have ye come and Athamas were both sons of Aeolus; and Phrixus hither. Had ye not first tasted of my table, surely would was the son of Athamas, son of Aeolus. And here, if I have cut out your tongues and hewn off both hands thou hast heard at all of the seed of Helios, thou dost and sent you forth with your feet alone, so that ye might behold Augeias; and this is Telamon sprung from fa-be stayed from starting hereafter. And what lies have mous Aeacus; and Zeus himself begat Aeacus. And so ye uttered against the blessed gods!” all the rest, all the comrades that follow him, are the sons or grandsons of the immortals.” (ll. 382-385) Thus he spake in his wrath; and mightily from its depths swelled the heart of Aeacus’ son, and (ll. 367-371) Such was the tale of Argus; but the king at his soul within longed to speak a deadly word in defi-his words was filled with rage as he heard; and his heart ance, but Aeson’s son checked him, for he himself first was lifted high in wrath. And he spake in heavy dis-made gentle answer:
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(ll. 386-395) “Aeetes, bear with this armed band, I pray.
race, or have come in no wise inferior to me, to win For not in the way thou deemest have we come to thy the goods of strangers, I will give thee the fleece to city and palace, no, nor yet with such desires. For who bear away, if thou dost wish, when I have tried thee.
would of his own will dare to cross so wide a sea for For against brave men I bear no grudge, such as ye the goods of a stranger? But fate and the ruthless com-yourselves tell me of him who bears sway in Hellas.
mand of a presumptuous king urged me. Grant a favour And the trial of your courage and might shall be a con-to thy suppliants, and to all Hellas will I publish a glo-test which I myself can compass with my hands, deadly rious fame of thee; yea, we are ready now to pay thee though it be. Two bulls with feet of bronze I have that a swift recompense in war, whether it be the pasture on the plain of Ares, breathing forth flame from Sauromatae or some other people that thou art eager their jaws; them do I yoke and drive over the stubborn to subdue to thy sway.”
field of Ares, four plough-gates; and quickly cleaving it with the share up to the headland, I cast into the (ll. 396-400) He spake, flattering him with gentle ut-furrows the seed, not the corn of Demeter, but the teeth terance; but the king’s soul brooded a twofold purpose of a dread serpent that grow up into the fashion of within him, whether he should attack and slay them armed men; them I slay at once, cutting them down on the spot or should make trial of their might. And beneath my spear as they rise against me on all sides.
this, as he pondered, seemed the better way, and he In the morning do I yoke the oxen, and at eventide I addressed Jason in answer:
cease from the harvesting. And thou, if thou wilt accomplish such deeds as these, on that very day shalt (ll. 401-421) “Stranger, why needest thou go through carry off the fleece to the king’s palace; ere that time thy tale to the end? For if ye are in truth of heavenly comes I will not give it, expect it not. For indeed it is 91
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unseemly that a brave man should yield to a coward.” deadly harvesting, then all this shall be my care, so that another too may shudder to come to a man that is (ll. 422-426) Thus he spake; and Jason, fixing his eyes better than he.”
on the ground, sat just as he was, speechless, helpless in his evil plight. For a long time he turned the matter (ll. 439-463) He spake outright; and Jason rose from this way and that, and could in no way take on him the his seat, and Augeias and Telamon at once; and Argus task with courage, for a mighty task it seemed; and at followed alone, for he signed to his brothers to stay last he made reply with crafty words: there on the spot meantime; and so they went forth from the hall. And wonderfully among them all shone (ll. 427-431) “With thy plea of right, Aeetes, thou dost the son of Aeson for beauty and grace; and the maiden shut me in overmuch. Wherefore also I will dare that looked at him with stealthy glance, holding her bright contest, monstrous as it is, though it be my doom to veil aside, her heart smouldering with pain; and her die. For nothing will fall upon men more dread than soul creeping like a dream flitted in his track as he dire necessity, which indeed constrained me to come went. So they passed forth from the palace sorely hither at a king’s command.”
troubled. And Chalciope, shielding herself from the wrath of Aeetes, had gone quickly to her chamber with (ll. 432-438) Thus he spake, smitten by his helpless her sons. And Medea likewise followed, and much she plight; and the king with grim words addressed him, brooded in her soul all the cares that the Loves awaken.
sore troubled as he was: “Go forth now to the gather-And before her eyes the vision still appeared—himself ing, since thou art eager for the toil; but if thou shouldst what like he was, with what vesture he was clad, what fear to lift the yoke upon the oxen or shrink from the things he spake, how he sat on his seat, how he moved 92
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forth to the door—and as she pondered she deemed the people and the city, along the path by which at the there never was such another man; and ever in her first they had come from the plain, then Argus ad-ears rung his voice and the honey-sweet words which dressed Jason with these words: he uttered. And she feared for him, lest the oxen or Aeetes with his own hand should slay him; and she (ll. 475-483) “Son of Aeson, thou wilt despise the coun-mourned him as though already slain outright, and in sel which I will tell thee, but, though in evil plight, it is her affliction a round tear through very grievous pity not fitting to forbear from the trial. Ere now thou hast coursed down her cheek; and gently weeping she lifted heard me tell of a maiden that uses sorcery under the up her voice aloud:
guidance of Hecate, Perses’ daughter. If we could win her aid there will be no dread, methinks, of thy defeat in (ll. 464-470) Why does this grief come upon me, poor the contest; but terribly do I fear that my mother will wretch? Whether he be the best of heroes now about not take this task upon her. Nevertheless I will go back to perish, or the worst, let him go to his doom. Yet I again to entreat her, for a common destruction over-would that he had escaped unharmed; yea, may this hangs us all.”
be so, revered goddess, daughter of Perses, may he avoid death and return home; but if it be his lot to be (ll. 383-491) He spake with goodwill, and Jason answered o’ermastered by the oxen, may he first learn this, that with these words: “Good friend, if this is good in thy I at least do not rejoice in his cruel calamity.” sight, I say not nay. Go and move thy mother, beseeching her aid with prudent words; pitiful indeed is our (ll. 471-474) Thus then was the maiden’s heart racked hope when we have put our return in the keeping of by love-cares. But when the others had gone forth from women.” So he spake, and quickly they reached the back-93
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water. And their comrades joyfully questioned them, not so much profit, I trow, in counsel as in the might of when they saw them close at hand; and to them spoke our hands. If thou then, hero son of Aeson, art minded Aeson’s son grieved at heart:
to yoke Aeetes’ oxen, and art eager for the toil, surely thou wilt keep thy promise and make thyself ready.
(ll. 492-501) “My friends, the heart of ruthless Aeetes But if thy soul trusts not her prowess utterly, then nei-is utterly filled with wrath against us, for not at all can ther bestir thyself nor sit still and look round for some the goal be reached either by me or by you who ques-one else of these men. For it is not I who will flinch, tion me. He said that two bulls with feet of bronze pas-since the bitterest pain will be but death.” ture on the plain of Ares, breathing forth flame from their jaws. And with these he bade me plough the field, (ll. 515-522) So spake the son of Aeacus; and Telamon’s four plough-gates; and said that he would give me from soul was stirred, and quickly he started up in eager-a serpent’s jaws seed which will raise up earthborn men ness; and Idas rose up the third in his pride; and the in armour of bronze; and on the same day I must slay twin sons of Tyndareus; and with them Oeneus’ son them. This task—for there was nothing better to de-who was numbered among strong men, though even vise—I took on myself outright.” the soft down on his cheek showed not yet; with such (ll. 502-514) Thus he spake; and to all the contest courage was his soul uplifted. But the others gave way seemed one that none could accomplish, and long, quiet to these in silence. And straightway Argus spake these and silent, they looked at one another, bowed down words to those that longed for the contest: with the calamity and their despair; but at last Peleus spake with courageous words among all the chiefs: “It (ll. 523-539) “My friends, this indeed is left us at the is time to be counselling what we shall do. Yet there is last. But I deem that there will come to you some timely 94
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aid from my mother. Wherefore, eager though ye be, the stern-ornament. And quickly Mopsus with pro-refrain and abide in your ship a little longer as before, phetic words spake among them all: for it is better to forbear than recklessly to choose an evil fate. There is a maiden, nurtured in the halls of (ll. 545-554) “For you, friends, this sign has been Aeetes, whom the goddess Hecate taught to handle wrought by the will of heaven; in no other way is it magic herbs with exceeding skill all that the land and possible to interpret its meaning better, than to seek flowing waters produce. With them is quenched the out the maiden and entreat her with manifold skill.
blast of unwearied flame, and at once she stays the And I think she will not reject our prayer, if in truth course of rivers as they rush roaring on, and checks Phineus said that our return should be with the help of the stars and the paths of the sacred moon. Of her we the Cyprian goddess. It was her gentle bird that es-bethought us as we came hither along the path from caped death; and as my heart within me foresees ac-the palace, if haply my mother, her own sister, might cording to this omen, so may it prove! But, my friends, persuade her to aid us in the venture. And if this is let us call on Cytherea to aid us, and now at once obey pleasing to you as well, surely on this very day will I the counsels of Argus.”
return to the palace of Aeetes to make trial; and per-chance with some god’s help shall I make the trial.” (ll. 555-563) He spake, and the warriors approved, remembering the injunctions of Phineus; but all alone (ll. 540-544) Thus he spake, and the gods in their good-leapt up Apharcian Idas and shouted loudly in terrible will gave them a sign. A trembling dove in her flight wrath: “Shame on us, have we come here fellow voy-from a mighty hawk fell from on high, terrified, into agers with women, calling on Cypris for help and not the lap of Aeson’s son, and the hawk fell impaled on on the mighty strength of Enyalius? And do ye look to 95
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doves and hawks to save yourselves from contests?
of the Colchians far aloof from his palace at a spot Away with you, take thought not for deeds of war, but where they sat in times before, to devise against the by supplication to beguile weakling girls.” Minyae grim treachery and troubles. And he threatened that when first the oxen should have torn in pieces (ll. 564-571) Such were his eager words; and of his the man who had taken upon him to perform the heavy comrades many murmured low, but none uttered a task, he would hew down the oak grove above the word of answer back. And he sat down in wrath; and wooded hill, and burn the ship and her crew, that so at once Jason roused them and uttered his own thought: they might vent forth in ruin their grievous insolence,
“Let Argus set forth from the ship, since this pleases for all their haughty schemes. For never would he have all; but we will now move from the river and openly welcomed the Aeolid Phrixus as a guest in his halls, in fasten our hawsers to the shore. For surely it is not spite of his sore need, Phrixus, who surpassed all strang-fitting for us to hide any longer cowering from the ers in gentleness and fear of the gods, had not Zeus battle-cry.”
himself sent Hermes his messenger down from heaven, so that he might meet with a friendly host; much less (ll. 572-575) So he spake, and straightway sent Argus would pirates coming to his land be let go scatheless to return in haste to the city; and they drew the an-for long, men whose care it was to lift their hands and chors on board at the command of Aeson’s son, and seize the goods of others, and to weave secret webs of rowed the ship close to the shore, a little away from guile, and harry the steadings of herdsmen with ill-the back-water.
sounding forays. And he said that besides all that the sons of Phrixus should pay a fitting penalty to himself (ll. 576-608) But straightway Aeetes held an assembly for returning in consort with evildoers, that they might 96
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recklessly drive him from his honour and his throne; deeds should be laid bar