Civil Disturbance Operations by Department of the Army - HTML preview

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Location

Uniform

Instructor

Notes

0800

CD formations

TA 1

U4

(Practical application)

1200

Chow

1300

CD formations

TA 1

U4

(Practical application)

1700

COB

Administration:

Uniforms:

U1: BDU

U2: BDU and LBE with harness and canteens

U3: BDU and LBE with harness, canteens, flak jacket, and Kevlar helmet

U4: BDU and LBE with harness, canteens, flak jacket, Kevlar helmet, and assigned weapon Transportation:

ple

Yes

Weapons:

m

1. Training weapons

Sa

2. Training riot batons

Ammunition:

Required Equipment for Training:

1. Eye protection

2. Fifteen to twenty riot shields

3. Video recorder

4. Three to five high-intensity lights

5. Face shields, shin guards, and ammunition pouches

Miscellaneous:

1. Medical personnel must be on location.

2. Primary and secondary means of communication must be available.

3. Operational risk assessment must be conducted.

4. Twenty to thirty OPFOR personnel must be available.

Figure 8-4. Sample Two-Week Plan (Continued)

8-18

FM 3-19.15

18 April 2005

Civil Disturbance Training

Training Day 9

Time

Subject

Location

Uniform

Instructor

Notes

0800

Introduction to M5, PVAB,

Classroom 1

U1

and M315

1200

Chow

1300

M5, PVAB, and M315

Range

U4

(Practical application/LFE)

1700

COB

Administration:

Uniforms:

U1: BDU

U2: BDU and LBE with harness and canteens

U3: BDU and LBE with harness, canteens, flak jacket, and Kevlar helmet

U4: BDU and LBE with harness, canteens, flak jacket, Kevlar helmet, and assigned weapon Transportation:

Yes

Weapons:

Sample

Two complete M315s and installation kits

Ammunition:

1. Ten live MCCMs

2. Ten live M315 rounds of each

Required Equipment for Training:

1. Eye protection

2. Ten inert MCCMs

3. Two complete PVAB systems

Miscellaneous:

1. Medical personnel must be on location.

2. Primary and secondary means of communication must be available.

3. Operational risk assessment must be conducted.

Figure 8-4. Sample Two-Week Plan (Continued)

18 April 2005

FM 3-19.15

8-19

Civil Disturbance Training

Training Day 10

Time

Subject

Location

Uniform

Instructor

Notes

0800

Tactical consideration

MOUT

U1

classroom

0930

Safety brief

MOUT

U4

classroom

1000

Tactical exercise

MOUT Facility

U4

Administration:

Uniforms:

U1: BDU

U2: BDU and LBE with harness and canteens

U3: BDU and LBE with harness, canteens, flak jacket, and Kevlar helmet

U4: BDU and LBE with harness, canteens, flak jacket, Kevlar helmet, and assigned weapon Transportation:

Yes

Weapons:

1. Assigned weapons

2. Inert RCA/OC individual dispersers

3. Training riot batons

4. Fifty practice grenades

Sample

Ammunition:

Required Equipment for Training:

1. Eye protection

2. Ten inert MCCMs

3. Face shields, shin guards, and ammunition pouches

4. Fifteen to twenty full-length riot shields

Miscellaneous:

1. Medical personnel must be on location.

2. Primary and secondary means of communication must be available.

3. Operational risk assessment must be conducted.

4. A video recorder must be available.

Figure 8-4. Sample Two-Week Plan (Continued)

8-20

FM 3-19.15

18 April 2005

Civil Disturbance Training

Sample Unit Training Schedule

Training Day 1

Time

Event

Location

Instructor

Notes

0730-0830

Force continuum

Classroom

L

0830-0930

Management of aggressive

Classroom

L

behavior

0930-1030

ROE

Classroom

L

1030-1130

Crowd control

Classroom

L

1130-1230

Chow

1230-1700

PPCT and empty hand

PT field

L, PA

Training Day 2

Time

Event

Location

Instructor

Notes

ple

0730-1130

Riot baton training

PT field

L, PA

m

1130-1230

Chow

Sa

1230-1530

Riot baton training

PT field

PA

1530-1700

CD formations

Classroom

L

Training Day 3

Time

Event

Location

Instructor

Notes

0730-1130

CD formations

PT field

PA

1130-1230

Chow

1230-1700

NL munitions, NLW

Range

L, PA

Training Day 4

Time

Event

Location

Instructor

Notes

0730-1130

RCAs and OC

Classroom

L, PA

and PT field

1130-1230

Chow

1230-1700

RCAs and OC

PT field

PA

Figure 8-5. Sample One-Week Plan

18 April 2005

FM 3-19.15

8-21

Civil Disturbance Training

Training Day 5

Time

Event

Location

Instructor

Notes

0730-1700

Tactical exercise

MOUT facility

OPS

NOTE: Appointed student leaders ensure that troops are fed and rotated for rest.

Figure 8-5. Sample One-Week Plan (Continued)

Sample Unit Training Schedule

Training Day 1

Time

Event

Location

Instructor

Notes

Shield and riot baton

MOUT site

Individual and collective tasks

techniques

NLCS and munitions

Range

Leader training

Classroom

Formation training

MOUT site

Individual and collective tasks

Chow

Formation training

MOUT site

Individual and collective tasks

Training Day 2

Time

Event

Location

Instructor

Notes

Sample

0730-1930,

Live-fire exercise

Range

M203/12-gauge

12-hour

operations

QRF exercise

MOUT site

Individual and collective tasks

NOTE: Once weapons and munitions familiarization is complete, shooters join the QRF exercise to be used. For live-fire range setup, see Figure 8-1.

Figure 8-6. Sample Two-Day Plan

8-22

FM 3-19.15

18 April 2005

Appendix A

Metric Conversion Chart

This appendix complies with current Army directives which state that the

metric system will be incorporated into all new publications. Table A-1 is a metric conversion chart.

Table A-1. Metric Conversion Chart

US Units

Multiplied By

Metric Units

Cubic feet

0.0283

Cubic meters

Feet

0.3048

Meters

Feet per second

0.3048

Meters per second

Inches

0.0254

Meters

Inches

25.4001

Millimeters

Miles per hour

1.6093

Kilometers per hour

Pounds

0.4536

Kilograms

Yards

0.9144

Meters

Metric Units

Multiplied By

US Units

Cubic meters

35.3146

Cubic feet

Kilograms

2.2046

Pounds

Kilometers per hour

0.6214

Miles per hour

Meters

3.2808

Feet

Meters

39.3701

Inches

Meters

1.0936

Yards

Meters per second

3.2808

Feet per second

Millimeters

0.0394

Inches

18 April 2005

FM 3-19.15

A-1

This page intentionally left blank.

Appendix B

Operations and Legal Considerations in the Continental

United States

Providing military assistance to state and local governments to assist

them in quelling a civil disturbance or riot requires close coordination

through a host of state and federal agencies. It requires a thorough

briefing of soldiers at all levels on what they can and cannot do with

respect to law enforcement. Civil authorities must be briefed on the

restrictions placed on federal forces by the Constitution of the United

States and federal statutes and laws. The national guard (NG), when not in a federal status, operates under the control of the state governor and

the adjutant general (AG). The NG has historically been the first military

responder during emergencies.

FEDERAL INTERVENTION AND AID

B-1. Under the Constitution of the United States and United States Code, the President is empowered to direct federal intervention in civil disturbances

to—

z

Respond to state requests for aid in restoring order.

z

Enforce the laws of the United States.

z

Protect the civil rights of citizens.

z

Protect federal property and functions.

B-2. Under the Constitution of the United States, each state is responsible for protecting life and property within its boundaries. State and local

governments use their LEA forces to maintain law and order and to quell civil

disturbances. However, if civil disturbance support requirements exceed the

resources of a state, federal troops may be requested to help restore and

maintain law and order.

B-3. The Constitution of the United States and federal statutes authorize the President to direct the use of federal armed troops within the 50 states and

territories and their political subdivisions. The President is also empowered to federalize the NG of any state to suppress rebellion and enforce federal laws.

B-4. Federal assistance is provided to a state when the state has used all of its resources, including its NG, to quell a disorder and finds the resources

insufficient. Usually, active duty federal forces are used to augment the NG of the requesting state. However, the President may choose to federalize the NG

of another state and use them alone or with other forces to restore order.

B-5. The President may employ federal troops to ensure the execution of US

law when a state opposes or obstructs US law or impedes the course of justice

18 April 2005

FM 3-19.15

B-1

Operations and Legal Considerations in the Continental United States

under those laws. The President may employ armed federal troops to suppress

insurrection, domestic violence, unlawful assemblies, and conspiracy if such

acts deprive the people of their constitutional rights and privileges and the

civil authorities of a state cannot or will not provide adequate protection.

B-6. The president is also authorized to use armed federal troops to protect

federal property and functions when the need for protection exists and local

civil authorities cannot or will not give adequate protection. The right of the United States to protect all federal property and functions regardless of their locations is an accepted principle of our government.

B-7. As a temporary measure, federal military equipment and facilities may

be loaned to law enforcement agencies of state and local governmental bodies

for use during civil disturbances. These resources may also be loaned to state NG and non-DOD federal agencies. The requesting agencies are expected to

provide enough resources of their own to minimize the need for US military

resources. In addition, the loan of the resources must not conflict with US

military needs.

ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF VARIOUS AGENCIES

B-8. Several agencies within the federal and state governments play a key

role in supporting the request of local authorities for support during a civil disturbance.

SECRETARY OF DEFENSE

B-9. The Secretary of Defense retains approval for federal support to civil

authorities involving the use of DOD forces, personnel, and equipment.

Approval may also involve DOD support that will result in a planned event

with the potential for confrontation with specifically identified individuals

and groups or will result in the use of lethal force.

SECRETARY OF THE ARMY

B-10. The Secretary of the Army, as an executive agent for the Secretary of

Defense, is the approval authority for federal emergency support in response

to natural and man-made disasters (except weapons of mass destruction

[WMD]). Military forces respond to directions and guidance from the director

of military support (DOMS) (the action agent for the Secretary of the Army).

DIRECTOR OF MILITARY SUPPORT

B-11. The DOMS plans and executes the DOD domestic support mission to

civil authorities. He is a general officer appointed by the Secretary of the

Army. The DOMS is the DOD primary contact for all federal departments and

agencies during DOD involvement in most domestic support operations.

STATE COORDINATING OFFICER

B-12. The governor appoints the state coordinating officer (SCO) to coordinate disaster operations for the state. The SCO is the primary point of contact for the federal coordinating officer (FCO) in facilitating disaster assistance.

B-2

FM 3-19.15

18 April 2005

Operations and Legal Considerations in the Continental United States

DIRECTOR OF THE FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY

B-13. The director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA),

on behalf of the President, appoints the FCO. The FCO coordinates the timely

delivery of federal disaster assistance to the affected state and local

governments and disaster victims. He works closely with the SCO to

determine state requirements and to coordinate national level issues with the

catastrophic disaster response group. There must be close and continuous

coordination with FEMA to ensure the proper use of military assets in support

of civil authorities.

DEFENSE COORDINATING OFFICER

B-14. The defense coordinating officer (DCO) operates under the authority of

the President and is the DOD representative designated to coordinate on-the-

scene activities with the FCO. FEMA and other federal agencies that request

support from DOD go through the DCO for validation and resourcing.

NATIONAL GUARD

B-15. The NG, in state status (see Title 32, United States Code {USC}), is the governor’s primary military response organization for emergencies and

disasters. The NG responds and operates under state laws unless they are

federalized, when they operate under the same constraints and laws as

federal units.

UNITED STATES ARMY RESERVE

B-16. The US Army Reserve is capable of providing military support. This

assistance and support may include the use of equipment and other resources,

including units and individuals.

STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT RESPONSIBILITIES

B-17. State and local government officials, operating under the authority

granted by state constitutions and the Constitution of the United States, are responsible for daily safety and security issues that impact the quality of life of their citizens. State and local officials have primary responsibility for

emergency preparedness.

STATE RESPONSIBILITIES

B-18. Many state government agencies are responsible for coming to the aid

of state citizens.

Governor

B-19. A state governor is empowered by each state constitution and the

Constitution of the United States to execute the laws of the state and to command the state NG while it is serving in state status. Governors are also

responsible for issuing executive orders or emergency proclamations, such as

declaring states of emergency and ensuring that state agencies plan for

potential disasters and civil disorder.

18 April 2005

FM 3-19.15

B-3

Operations and Legal Considerations in the Continental United States

B-20. Once a man-made or natural disaster occurs, the governor assesses its

extent and determines if local government requests for assistance should be

honored. If appropriate, the governor declares a state of emergency, activates the state emergency response plan, and may order the NG into state active

duty. The governor assigns the NG its mission through the office of emergency

service (OES)/emergency medical dispatching (EMD).

Plans, Operations, and Military Support Officer

B-21. Each state NG has a plans, operations, and military support officer

(POMSO) who prepares and coordinates contingency plans for military

support to civil authorities (MSCA) during disaster response and recovery

operations. The POMSO coordinates training plans and exercises between the

state NG and federal, state, and local emergency management agencies. The

POMSO serves as the NG point of contact with DOD officials during a

declared federal emergency or disaster.

Office of Emergency Services

B-22. Each state has a specific agency and/or office that coordinates

emergency preparedness and serves as the governor's coordinating agency

during an emergency. The titles of these offices vary from state to state. Some examples are the Division of Emergency Government, Emergency

Management Agency, Department of Public Safety, or Office of Emergency

Preparedness. This manual refers to this office using the generic term

OES/EMD.

B-23. Generally, the OES/EMD is organized as a stand-alone office under the

governor or aligned under the AG or the state police, and in some instances,

the AG is the OES/EMD director. It operates the state emergency operations

center and coordinates with state agencies and federal officials for assistance.

Adjutant General

B-24. The state NG is the governor's primary military response force in an

emergency. The AG, through the state area command (STARC) (specifically

the POMSO), develops and coordinates emergency response plans for

disasters and emergencies. The AG is in command of state NG forces ordered

into state active duty.

State Government Agencies

B-25. State government departments and agencies prepare emergency

preparedness plans for their areas of specialization in support of the

governor’s plan. They also participate in emergency preparedness exercises.

LOCAL RESPONSIBILITIES

B-26. Mayors, city managers, local police, fire protection officials, county

executives, sheriffs, prosecuting attorneys, and public health officials are

some of the people responsible for law enforcement, safety, health, and fire

protection on a daily basis. They are responsible for developing appropriate

emergency response plans and responding to emergencies within