APPENDIX D
EXTENDED COLD WEATHER CLOTHING SYSTEM
D-l. Introduction
The ECWCS is designed to create a microenvironment that will protect the soldier in a range of temperatures from +40 to -60 °P. The ECWCS is a three-layer system that allows for moisture transport, insulation, and protection from wind and rain. The layers must not be too tight, as constriction will reduce the insulation properties. The layers consist of lightweight (figure D-I) or expedition-weight (figure D-2) underwear, a fleece jacket and trousers (figure D-3), fleece bib overall polyester batting coat and trouser liners (figure D-4), and a Gore-Tex™ parka and trousers (figure D-5). All these layers must be kept clean and in good repair in order to function as intended.
D-2. Description
a. The long underwear is the primary wicking layer and will be worn directly against the skin.
The wicking ability of the polyester fabric allows transfer of water vapor from the skin to the outer layers where it can evaporate. Therefore, this type of long underwear helps keep clothing dry. Soldiers must not wear cotton or wool underneath this layer.
b. The fleece layer is the primary insulation layer worn over the long underwear. The amount of insulation required depends on whether the soldier is active or immobile. Active soldiers may not need this layer at all, whereas immobile soldiers may choose to add the polyester batting coat and trousers. Por moderate levels of activity in cold conditions, opening the underarm zippers and the front zipper of the fleece jacket and the side zippers on the pants will increase ventilation.
c. The Gore-Tex™ parka and trousers are a windproof and waterproof outer layer. The Gore- Tex™ fabric allows vapor transfer from the body to the environment. However, because the limited vapor transfer rate is quickly exceeded during exercise, the layer is usually not worn during exercise.
d. The ECWCS does not include glove/mitten, sock, or boot systems. See paragraphs 3-21, 3-2n, and 3-20 of this document for guidance on choosing appropriate gloves/mittens and footwear.