I am starting to write this book of Namâz by saying the A’ûdhu
and the Basmala. Hamd (Praise) be to Allahu ta’âlâ. Peace and
blessings be upon His chosen and beloved slaves and their
superior, Hadrat Muhammad ’alaihis-salâm. May all auspicious
prayers be on his Ahl al-Bait and on each of his just and devoted
Companions (as-Sahâbat al-kirâm) “ridwânullâhi ta’âlâ ’alaihim
ajma’în”!
In the world, good and beneficial things are mixed with bad and
harmful ones. To attain bliss, comfort and ease, it is necessary to
do good and beneficial deeds all the time. Since Allahu ta’âlâ is the
Most Compassionate, He created a power which tells the good
things apart from the bad ones. This power is called ’aql (intellect).
A pure and sound intellect performs it’s tasks very successfully. It
does not fall to fallacy anytime. Committing sins, following nafs (a
creature within man which always encourages evil and harmful
deeds to be done) makes the intellect and the heart ill. It cannot
distinguish the good from the bad. Allahu ta’âlâ has pitied us.
Through His prophets, He communicated the good deeds and
commanded us to do them. He communicated the harmful things
and prohibited them. These commandments and prohibitions are
called dîn (religion). The religion communicated by Muhammad
’alaihis-salâm is called Islam. Today, in the world, there is only one
religion which has not been distorted. That one religion is Islam.
To attain ease, it is necessary to follow Islam, that is, to be Muslim.
To be a Muslim, no formality is necessary, such as going to a mufti
or imâm. The first thing necessary for all people is to have îmân
(faith, belief) by heart. Then, it is necessary to learn the
commandments and prohibitions of Islam and to carry them out.
To have faith, it is necessary to say the Kalima-i shahâdat and
to know its meaning. To believe in the meaning of the Kalima-i
shahâdat correctly, it is necessary to believe as the scholars of the
Ahl as-Sunna mentioned in their books. Those who adapt
themselves to true books written by the scholars of the Ahl as-
Sunna will be given rewards of one hundred martyrs. The scholars
– 4 –
affiliated in any one of the four Madhhabs of Muslims are scholars
of Ahl as-Sunnat. The pillars of îmân are explained in detail in the
book “Belief and Islam,” which is the translation of the Turkish
book (Herkese Lâzım Olan Îmân). We recommend you to read
that book.
Muslims on the earth today have parted into three groups. The
first group are true Muslims who follow the path led by the Ashâb-
i kirâm. They are called the Ahl as-Sunnat or the Sunnî Muslims
(Sunnites) or the Firqa-i-nâjiyya (the group to be saved from
Hell). In the second group are the enemies of the Ashâb-i-kirâm.
They are called Shiîs (Shiites) or, Firqa-i-dâlla (heretical group).
The third group is inimical towards the Shiites as well as towards
the Sunnites. They are called Wahhâbîs, or Najdîs, which comes
from the Arabian province Najd, the birthplace of their heresy.
The third group are also called the Firqa-i mel’ûna (the accursed
group). Indeed, it is written in our (Turkish) books Kıyâmet ve
Âhıret and Se’âdet-i Ebediyye, (and also in our publications in
English, such as Advice for the Muslim, and in the fourth chapter
of The Sunnî Path,) that they call Muslims ‘disbelievers.’ Our
Prophet has accursed a person who calls a Muslim ‘disbeliever.’
The breaking of Muslims into these three groups was contrived by
Jewish and British plotters.
Any person who indulges in the sensuous desires of his nafs and
has an evil heart will go to Hell, regardless of the group he belongs
to. Every Muslim should continually say the words, (Lâ ilâha
illa’llâh) in order to purify oneself of the unbelief and sinfulness
which are inherent in the nature of one’s nafs, [this act of
purification is termed “Tazkiya-i nafs”], and also the words,
(Astaghfirullah) in order to purify one’s heart from the disbelief
and sinfulness which was contracted from one’s nafs, from the
devil, from evil company or from harmful and subversive books. If
a person obeys the (commandments and prohibitions of) Islam,
one’s prayers will certainly be accepted. Not performing (the daily
ritual prayers called) namâz, looking at women who have not
covered their bodies properly or at other people who expose those
parts of their body that must be covered, and consuming goods
that have been earned through (an illegal way called) harâm, are
symptoms of a person’s disobeying Islam. Such a person’s prayers
will not be accepted.
After having îmân, the most important commandment is
namâz. It is fard-i ayn for each and every Muslim to perform five
– 5 –
daily prayers. It is a grave sin not to do so. According to the
Hanbalî Madhhab, not performing the five daily prayers of namâz
in their prescribed times causes disbelief. See the booklet named
Ghâyat-uttahqîq! It is necessary to learn the knowledge of namâz
first to perform it completely and correctly. We have seen it
beneficial to state the knowledge of namâz declared in our religion
as a short summary in our book. Every Muslim must learn these
facts of namâz which we collected from the books of many Islamic
scholars and teach them to their children as well!
To perform the namâz correctly, the surâs and prayers which
will be said in the namâz must be memorized. At least, it is
necessary to learn the minimum amount of them to perform the
namâz from a khodja (master, especially in a religious school) or a
friend who knows them well and who can pronounce them
perfectly.
To read the Qur’ân al-karîm correctly, one must go to courses
of Qur’ân al-karîm. It is an absolute must to learn to read the
Qur’ân al-karîm correctly and to teach it to one’s children.
It is not permissible to write the Qur’ân al-karîm with Roman
letters. Therefore, one must read it in its original form. It is very
easy to read it. Our Master, the Prophet “sall-Allâhu ’alaihi wa
sallam” declared in a hadîth-i sherîf, “Those who teach their
children the Qur’ân al-karîm or who send them to teachers of the
Qur’ân al-karîm, for each letter of the Qur’ân al-karîm they will be
given rewards as if they visited the Kâba ten times. And on the
Day of Resurrection a crown of sovereignty will be put on their
heads. All people will see it and admire it.”
May Allahu ta’âlâ make us one of those who have believed
correctly, who learn namâz and perform it correctly, who makes
good deeds!
Mîlâdî
Hijrî Shamsî
Hijrî Qamarî
2001
1380
1422
– 6 –
PREFACE............................................................................................4
NAMÂZ IS A GREAT COMMANDMENT..............................12
OUR ÎMÂN and NAMÂZ..............................................................17
For all, Îmân is foremost ..................................................................17
Faith Must Be Correct ......................................................................18
THE CREED OF AHL AS-SUNNAT.........................................20
The Signs of Holding the Creed of Ahl As-Sunnat:.....................21
FUNDAMENTALS OF ÎMÂN .....................................................23
TO BELIEVE IN ALLAHU TA'ÂLÂ ........................................23
AS-SIFÂT [ATTRIBUTES] ADH-DHÂTIYYA ......................24
AS-SIFÂT [ATTRIBUTES] ATH-THUBÛTIYYA..................24
TO BELIEVE IN ANGELS...........................................................25
TO BELIEVE IN HEAVENLY BOOKS....................................26
TO BELIEVE IN PROPHETS ......................................................27
Our Prophet MUHAMMAD ’alaihis-salâm .................................29
THE ASHÂB-I KIRÂM .................................................................32
The Imâms of the Four Madhhabs and Other Scholars ..............33
TO BELIEVE IN THE HEREAFTER........................................34
OUR WORSHIPS AND NAMAZ (RITUAL PRAYER) .......38
What is ibâdat (worship)? ................................................................38
Who Is Called Mukallaf?..................................................................39
Af’âl-i Mukallafîn (Ahkâm-i islâmiyya).........................................39
THE ENEMIES OF ISLAM...........................................................44
FUNDAMENTALS OF ISLAM ...................................................44
PERFORMING NAMÂZ...............................................................46
For whom is Namâz a Fard (Commandment)? ............................48
States of those who perform Namâz...............................................48
Story: The Namâz Which Freed One from Prison .......................48
Story: His home burned....................................................................50
Story: Water in Pot............................................................................50
Story: Arrow in his foot....................................................................50
– 7 –
Story: Anesthetic Medicine..............................................................51
Story: Sacrifices for Namâz ..............................................................52
TYPES OF NAMÂZ........................................................................53
NAMÂZ, FIVE TIMES DAILY ...................................................53
THE FARDS OF NAMÂZ ............................................................55
PRECONDITIONS OF NAMÂZ .................................................58
1- TAHÂRAT FROM HADAS
(Purification from the state of
being without ablution or ghusl): ....................................................58
PERFORMING ABLUTION [WUDÛ, ABDAST]: ................58
THE FARDS OF RITUAL ABLUTION ....................................59
How to Perform a Ritual Ablution?...............................................59
The Sunnats of a Ritual Ablution ...................................................62
The Adabs of the Ritual Ablution..................................................63
Prohibitions in Performing an Ablution ........................................65
USING MISWÂK:............................................................................66
Some Rules To Be Observed Regarding Ablution ......................66
Things That Nullify An Ablution....................................................67
Things That Do Not Nullify An Ablution .....................................69
Facilities for Ablution (Masah Over Mests and Wounds) ..........70
GHUSL (Ritual Washing) ...............................................................72
The Fards of a Ghusl.........................................................................73
The Sunnats of a Ghusl.....................................................................73
How to Make a Ghusl?.....................................................................74
EXPLANATION (Regarding Crowned or Filled Teeth):..........74
Haid (menstruation) and Nifâs (puerperium)
States of Women................................................................................75
TAYAMMUM ..................................................................................78
The Fards of a Tayammum..............................................................78
The Sunnats of Tayammum .............................................................79
Additional Points To Be Given Attention
To Regarding Tayammum ...............................................................79
How to Make Tayammum? .............................................................81
Things That Nullify A Tayammum.................................................82
The Benefits of Ablution, Ghusl and Tayammum .......................83
2- TAHÂRAT FROM NAJÂSAT ................................................84
– 8 –
3- SATR-I AWRAT .........................................................................87
(Satr-i Awrat and Women's Covering Themselves).....................87
Relatives by Lineage.........................................................................89
Relatives by Milk (Breastfeeding) ..................................................90
Relatives by Marriage.......................................................................90
4- ISTIQBÂL-I QIBLA ...................................................................90
(Turning Towards the Qibla)...........................................................90
5- PRAYER TIMES.........................................................................91
EXPLANATION
(Performing Namâz and Fast at the Poles):...................................93
THE AZÂN AND THE IQÂMAT...............................................94
When to Say the Azân and the Iqâmat? ........................................94
EXPLANATION
(Is it Permissible to Recite the azân through a loudspeaker?):..95
The Reciting of Azân........................................................................96
Azân Supplications:...........................................................................97
The Meanings of the Words in Azân:.............................................97
6- NIYYAT (INTENTION)............................................................98
7- TAKBÎR OF TAHRÎMA ...........................................................98
THE RUKNS OF NAMÂZ ............................................................99
1- QIYÂM: .........................................................................................99
2- QIRÂAT........................................................................................99
3- RUKU’ .........................................................................................100
4- SAJDA .........................................................................................100
5- QA’DA-I-ÂKHIRA...................................................................101
HOW TO PERFORM NAMÂZ?................................................101
How a Man Performs a Namâz Individually: ..............................101
How a Woman Performs a Namâz Individually: ........................104
THE WÂJIBS OF NAMÂZ .........................................................105
SAJDA-I SAHW (Sajda made due to omissions and errors) ..106
SAJDA-I TILÂWAT .....................................................................106
THE SAJDA OF SHUKR ............................................................107
THE SUNNATS OF NAMÂZ.....................................................108
THE MUSTAHABS OF NAMAZ..............................................109
THE MAKRÛHS OF NAMÂZ...................................................110
– 9 –
THINGS THAT ARE MAKRÛH TO DO WHEN NOT
PERFORMING NAMÂZ:............................................................112
THINGS THAT NULLIFY A NAMÂZ....................................113
Things That Make It Permissible To Break A Namâz: .............114
Things That Make It Fard to Break A Namâz ...........................114
NAMÂZ IN JAMÂ’AT (CONGREGATION) ........................114
Preconditions to Become Imâm ....................................................115
There are ten conditions to be
fulfilled to follow the imâm correctly: ..........................................117
Masbûk's Namâz..............................................................................119
THE VIRTUES OF THE TAKBÎR OF IFTİTÂH..................121
Story: Mosque built in the palace..................................................122
FRIDAY (JUM'A) PRAYER......................................................123
Fards of Friday Prayer ....................................................................124
How to Perform Friday Prayer?....................................................125
Sunnats and Adabs of Friday:........................................................126
'EID PRAYERS .............................................................................127
How to Perform 'Eid Prayer?........................................................127
Takbîrs of teshrîq:............................................................................128
PREPARATION FOR DEATH .................................................129
What is Death? ................................................................................130
Death is Inescapable .......................................................................130
THE NAMÂZ OF JANÂZA .......................................................131
The Fards of Janâza Namâz...........................................................131
The Sunnats of a Janâza Namâz....................................................131
How to Perform Janâza Namâz.....................................................132
THE NAMÂZ OF TARÂWÎH ...................................................133
How to Perform Tarâwîh ...............................................................133
NAMÂZ DURING LONG–DISTANCE JOURNEYS..........134
NAMÂZ DURING ILLNESS......................................................137
OMITTED PRAYERS..................................................................141
EXPLANATION:
(Is it permissible to perform qadâ
prayers in place of those that are sunnat?)..................................144
How To Perform Qadâ Namâzes?................................................145
THOSE WHO DO NOT PERFORM NAMÂZ.......................147
– 10 –
THE VIRTUES OF THOSE WHO PERFORM NAMÂZ....149
TRUE NATURE OF NAMÂZ ...................................................158
VIRTUES IN NAMÂZ .................................................................159
SECRETS OF NAMÂZ ................................................................167
A SUPPLICATION TO BE RECITED AFTER
PERFORMING NAMÂZ.............................................................171
EXPLANATION:
(Conditions for supplications to be accepted):............................172
TEJDÎD-İ ÎMÂN PRAYER.........................................................173
HIDDEN CAUSES IN NAMÂZ (Namâz and Our Health)...173
ISQÂT OF NAMÂZ......................................................................175
Isqât and Dawr for the Deceased .................................................175
How to Make Isqât and Dawr .......................................................178
THIRTY TWO AND FIFTY FOUR FARDS
(COMMANDMENTS) ..................................................................184
THIRTY-TWO FARDS ................................................................185
FIFTY-FOUR FARDS ..................................................................187
KUFR (DISBELIEF).....................................................................189
TO CONSTANTLY MAINTAIN AND NOT
LOSE OUR ÎMÂN.........................................................................206
THINGS THAT CAUSE BELIEVERS TO LOSE THEIR
EXISTING FAITH.........................................................................206
THERE ARE MANY GRAVE SINS:
[Seventy two of them are below.]..................................................208
TEN THINGS THAT CAUSE DISBELIEF
AT ONE'S LAST BREATH: .......................................................212
IT IS NECESSARY TO PAY ATTENTION TO THESE
ISSUES FOR HOLDING THE CREED OF
AHL AS-SUNNAT: .......................................................................212
BAD MORALS: .............................................................................214
NAMÂZ SÛRAS AND PRAYERS ...........................................217
May the sûras and prayers be written with Latin letters? .........217
The Meanings of the Prayers in Namâz .......................................219
PRAYER OF ISTIGFÂR (ENTREATING FOR
FORGIVENESS)............................................................................236
PRAYER OF TAWHÎD ...............................................................236
– 11 –
Since Âdam ’alaihis-salâm, there was namâz once a day in
every religion. All that had been performed were brought together
and were made fard (commandment) for those who believe in
Muhammad ’alaihis-salâm. Although performing namâz is not one
of the principles of îmân, it is essential for îmân to believe that
namâz is fard.
Namâz is the main pillar of the religion. He who performs his
namâzes constantly, correctly and completely will have set up his
religion and he will have made the building of Islam stay intact.
Those who do not perform namâz will have demolished their
religion and the building of Islam. Our Prophet “sall-Allâhu ’alaihi
wa sallam” said, “The head of our religion is namâz.” As no
human can live without a head, it is not possible to have religion
without namâz.
In Islam, namâz is the first command after having îmân. Allahu
ta’âlâ made namâz fard so that His slaves would worship only Him.
Allahu ta’âlâ commands “Perform namâz!” in more than one
hundred verses of the Qur’ân al-karîm. In a hadîth-i sherîf, it is
declared that “Allahu ta’âlâ commanded to perform namâz five
times every day. Allahu ta’âlâ has promised that He shall put in
Paradise the person who performs namâz respectfully and
observing the conditions five times every day.”
Namâz is the most valuable of worships commanded in our
religion. A hadîth-i sherîf declares: “A Person who does not
perform namâz has not had a share from Islam.” In another
hadîth-i sherîf, it was stated: “It is namâz which distinguishes the
Muslim from the disbeliever,” that is, the Believer performs
namâz, and the disbeliever does not. Munâfiqs (hypocrites),
however, sometimes perform it and sometimes do not. Munâfiqs
will undergo very bitter torment in Hell. Rasûlullah “sall-Allâhu
’alaihi wa sallam” said, “Those who do not perform namâz will
find Allahu ta’âlâ angry on the Day of Resurrection.”
To perform namâz is to consider the greatness of Allahu ta’âlâ
and to realize one’s own inferiority before Him. A person who
– 12 –
realizes this will always do good things. He will never do evil
things. If a person intends to be in the presence of his Rabb (Allah)
five times every day, his heart will be filled with ikhlâs (sincerity).
Every act commanded to be done in namâz gives various benefits
to the heart and the body.
Performing namâz in jamâ’at in mosques will attach Muslims’
hearts to one another. It will bring about love between them. They
will realize that they are brothers. The seniors will be affable with
the juniors. And the juniors will be respectful to the seniors. The
rich wil