常隨佛學歌
Line 1 我佛體
2 皆往焉世呂修將來賜留隱
3 難行苦行叱願乙
4 吾焉頓部叱逐好友伊音叱多
5 身靡只碎良只塵伊去米
6 命乙施好尸歲史中置
7 然叱皆尸卜下里
8 皆佛體置然叱為賜隱伊留兮
9 城上人 佛道向隱心下
10 他道不冬斜良只行齊
22.1.1: HD; “our”.
22.1.2-3: UD + UG; “the Buddha”.
Line 1: “... (I shall follow the vows of) Buddha...”
22.2.1: HD; “all”.
22.2.2: HD; “past”.
22.2.3: UG; attributive VE for 22.2.2.
22.2.4: HD; “period(s) of time”.
22.2.5: UG; FS for 22.2.4.
22.2.6: HD; “practise”.
22.2.7-11: HD + HD + HD + UG + UG; attributive, honorific VE for 22.2.6.
Line 2: "... (the vows) of the buddhas in all past period(s) of time that I will practise...”
22.3.1-4: UD + UD + UD + UD; “difficult and painful to practise”
22.3.5: UG; PP.
22.3.6: UD; “vows”.
22.3.7: UG; OP.
Line 3: “... the difficult and painful to practise vows...”
22.4.1: HD; “I”.
22.4.2: UG; TP.
22.4.3-4: UD + UD; “forthwith”.
22.4.5: UG; If 之叱 had ever had a consistent grammatical function in hyangch’al, this function had lost its consistency by the fifteenth century. Here the context indicates an adverbial function, but see n. 9.
22.4.6-8: HD + HG + UG; “follow”.
22.4.9-12: UG + UG + UG + UG; VE for 22.4.6-8.
Line 4: “I shall forthwith follow...”
22.5.1: HD; “body”.
22.5.2: UG; FS for 22.5.1.
22.5.3: UG; emphatic particle.
22.5.4: HD; “crumble”.
22.5.5-6: UG + UG; VE for 22.5.4.
22.5.7: HD; “dust”.
22.5.8: UG; SP.
22.5.9: HD; “go” hence “turn to”.
22.5.10: UG; gerundive VE for 22.5.9 + LP, “when”.
Line 5: “... when my body crumble and turn to dust...”
22.6.1: UD; “life”.
22.6.2: UG; OP.
22.6.3: HD; “give, bestow”, hence “offer up”.
22.6.4-5: UG + UG; VE for 22.6.3.
22.6.6: UG + UG; “time”.
22.6.7: HD; LP “at”.
22.6.8: UG; emphatic particle “even”.
Line 6: “... even when offering up (one’s) life...”
22.7.1: HD; “(do) thus”.
22.7.2-5: UG + UG + UG + UG; VE for 22.7.1.
22.7.6: HD; “shoulder, bear” hence “undertake” (cf. 18.6.6).
22.7.7-8: UG + UG; emphatic form VE for 22.7.6.
Line 7: “I undertake to do thus.”
22.8.1: HD; “all”.
22.8.2-3: UD + UG; “the buddhas”.
22.8.4: UG; inclusive particle “also”.
22.8.5-7: HD; “do thus”.
22.8.8-12: HD + UG + UG + UG + UG; emphatic, honorific VE for 22.8.5-7.
Line 8: “[Did not] all the buddhas do thus?”
22.9.1-3: HG; “Ah...”
22.9.4-5: UD + UD; “the Buddhist Path”.
22.9.6: HD; “face, turn towards”.
22.9.7: UG; attributive VE for 22.9.6.
22.9.8: HD; “heart”.
22.9.9: UG; emphatic particle.
Line 9: “Indeed, the mind that has turned towards the path of the Buddha...”
22.10.1-2: HD + HD; “other paths”. Yang acknowledges the possibility of UD readings, but finds such readings “awkward” (p. 827).
22.10.3-4: HD + UG; negative verbal prefix.
22.10.5: HD; “lean, lie aslant”.
22.10.6-7: UG + UG; VE for 22.10.5.
22.10.8: HD; “go”.
22.10.9: UG;VE for 22.10.9.
Line 10: “... will not lean towards other paths.”
The HYS text describes the progress of the Buddha from self-denial to Enlightenment to the threshold of Parinirvāṇa and exhorts emulation. The first stanza of Kyunyŏ’s song closely follows the first lines of the relevant HYS hymn, while the second stanza simply echoes the pledge of the first stanza in stronger language. Like the preceding song, this song is almost completely devoid of poetic devices.
1 shall forthwith follow
The difficult and painful vows
That the buddhas undertook to follow
In all past ages.
Though my body crumble and turn to dust And even when offering up my very life,
I will uphold these vows.
Indeed, have not all the buddhas done so?
Ah, the mind which has turned to the Path of the Buddhas
Will never be diverted to other paths.