Black Holes And Beyond by Werner Brückner - HTML preview

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A Black Star is a theoretical alternative to a black hole.  It is a gravitational object composed of matter but without need for any event horizon or singularity.  However, this opinion does assign quite different parameters to them. It is argued that because of Quantum Physics, a singularity would need to exhibit at least the size of the Planck length which is 10-35 meter, the smallest entity in the Universe.  Hence, it cannot be a point of infinite smallness, with zero elongation. Some scientists claim that such a singularity, simply cannot exist at the centre of a black hole.

Instead, Black Stars should be comprised of abnormal and degenerated matter, having a temperature inversely proportional their mass, as in the case of black holes.  The rise in temperature which occurs when matter approaches the centre, gives black holes an internal temperature gradient.  It is assumed that so called vacuum energy would stop a gravitational collapse from creating a singularity. 

This Black Star prediction can be regarded merely as a slight  variation of the common theory of black holes. The theory will not clash with that of black holes nor indeed, that of the Universe, as currently held in the scientific circles of the rest of the world.  There was no need to coin any new wording. Also, the parameters of Black Stars will match almost but not quite that of black holes. They are, in theory, also celestial bodies whose gravity is so immense that not even light can escape their surface.