Candling and Assessing Egg Development .............. 105
Preparing for the Hatch ................................................... 113
When Eggs Fail to Hatch ................................................ 115
Diagnosis of failure to Hatch .......................................... 116
Early Chick Care ............................................................... 120
7
BROODING ........................................................................ 124
Introduction ....................................................................... 125
Types of Brooding in Poultry Farming ......................... 127
Natural Brooding – By Broody Hen .......................... 128
Artificial Brooding – By Artificial Ways .................... 131
Brooder Setup and Equipment ....................................... 132
Brooding Environment .................................................... 149
Temperature .................................................................. 149
Relative Humidity ......................................................... 151
Ventilation ..................................................................... 152
Lighting .......................................................................... 152
Brooding Management..................................................... 152
Brooding Area and Litter Management..................... 153
Feeding and Watering Chicks ..................................... 154
Early Chick Mortality ................................................... 156
Managing Health and Disease Prevention ................ 175
Gradual Transition to the Outdoors .............................. 178
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