the present.
Page 97. (Review 53,57,21,160,92,99).
Page 98. (Review 32,167,17,174,79,103,158).
193. No tengo miedo.
I am not afraid.
Page 99. (Review 17,149,66,95,50).
Page 100. (Review 114,155,120,15,109).
194. ¿Cómo va de salud?
How's your health?
Page 101. (Review 125,9,179,22).
195. Se viste a la francesa.
He dresses himself in the French fashion.
196. Vino a su vez.
He came in his turn.
197. Dista poco de aquí.
It is not very far from here.
Page 102. (Review 72,107,6,53,160,99,16).
Page 103. (Review 170, 141, 132).
198. Me lo compró a mí.
He bought it of me.
199. Lo sé de cierto.
I know it quite certainly.
Page 104. (Review 140, 82, 150).
Page 105. (Review 59, 30, 157, 15,115, 12, 14, 132).
200. ¿No cae V.?
Don't you understand?
201. Dió principio al trabajo.
He made a beginning of the work.
202. Lo hizo repetidas veces.
He did it several times.
Page 106. (Review 66, 122, 99, 5).
Page 107. (Review 88, 133, 125).
203. Llamó a la puerta.
He knocked at the door.
Page 108. (Review 32, 57, 83, 179, 69, 106, 157, 30).
204. Es mejor de lo que yo creía.
It is better than I thought.
205. Me habló al oído.
He whispered to me.
Page 109. (Review 98, 47, 88, 112, 99, 76).
Page 110. (Review 1, 12, 142, 53, 99, 103).
Page 111. (Review 77, 132).
Page 112. (Review 48, 167, 185, 32).
Page 113. (Review 64, 1, 7, 60, 77, 9, 46).
206. ¿ Se pone el sol o sale?
Is the sun setting or rising?
Page 114. (Review 12, 98, 92).
207. ¡ Qué cielo tan hermoso!
What a lovely sky!
Page 115. (Review 39, 77, 48).
208. Camina muy de prisa.
He goes very rapidly.
Page 116. (Review 64, 47, 197, 12).
Page 117. (Review 61, 15).
Page 118. (Review 29, 32, 59, 132, 45).
Page 119. (Review 59, 97, 149, 56, 93, 77, 99, 207).
209. Por donde quiera que vaya.
Wherever he may go.
Page 120. (Review 50, 22, 3).
Page 121. (Review 83, 113, 77, 54, 112, 61).
Page 122. (Review 96, 45, 57, 15).
Page 123. (Review 56, 15, 53, 99, 81).
210. ¿ Es que ha empezado?
Has it begun ( lit. is it (true) that it has begun)?
Page 124. (Review 80, 59).
Page 125. (Review 60, 57, 48, 12, 33, 59).
Page 126. (Review 9, 209, 207).
Page 127. (Review 15, 16, 197, 101, 83).
211. No puedo más.
I can do ( or stand) no more.
Page 128. (Review 40, 18, 98, 112, 61, 9, 57, 53).
212. Lo perdí de vista.
I lost sight of it.
Page 129. (Review 168, 85).
213. Iban por todas partes.
They went in every direction.
(p143)
NOTES
(The first figures refer to pages of text, and second figures to thereference figures in text).
1-1: Capitanía general: headquarters of the Captain general, whohas supreme military authority in his district.
1-2: Granada: a province (and its principal city), the formerbordering on the Mediterranean. It is full of Moorish remains, includingthe Alhambra.
1-3: echado que hubo: a very common construction = asi que huboechado.
1-4: edecán: a corruption of the French aide-de-camp.
1-5: Sr. D. : Señor Don.
1-6: toitico = todito, diminutive of todo. This diminutiveending often adds emphasis.
2-1: a que = para que.
2-2: se persigue: they have pursued. The perfect tense value isoften represented by the present (and the pluperfect by the imperfect)after después or hace (ago).
2-3: se volvió a reír = volvió a reírse, laughed again. Volvera, followed by an infinitive, is to be rendered as a formula ofrepetition, as, again, once more, etc.
2-4: no hay quien lo haga: there is no one who can do it.
2-5: conoce nadie: does anybody know? Observe that nadie is notnecessarily negative. Cf. use of jamás, etc.
3-1: me matan: a vivid use of the present for the future.
3-2: vestido de macareno: dressed in a loud or striking fashion.The macareno is a native of one of the districts of Seville.
3-3: caerme de espaldas: to fall on my back.
3-4: había de conocer = conocería. Haber de followed by theinfinitive denotes ( a) obligation: as: ha de ser, it must be; habráde hacerlo, he will have to do it; ( b) futurity (present tense of haber de + infinitive), as: he de hablar, I will speak: ( c)conditioned action (imperfect of haber de + infinitive), as: quiénhabía de creer? who would believe?
3-5: que haya madre: and (to think) that there should be amother!
3-6: Jesús: the Spaniard, the most Catholic of men, is in the habitof interlarding his speech with copious expletives derived from hisreligion, such as Jesús, Ave María purísima, etc., which may often berendered by the mildest of English substitutes.
3-7: ¡Que ... muera! : may I die! let me die! As the subjunctiveused with imperative value, depends on some desiderative verbunderstood, the que which would follow that verb is usually retainedin Spanish (as in French), though not when V. or VV. is used.
3-8: para decirte la buenaventura: to tell your fortune.
4-1: a todo trapo: under full sail (lit. rag), i.e. unrestrainedly.
4-2: si son de alegría: why! they are tears of joy. Si is oftenused to introduce an emphatic assertion. It may be translated by anexpletive or omitted entirely. Cf. p. 45, line 31 and note.
4-3: tomado a este hombre: ( a = from). The preposition a isregularly used with the value of the English from, after verbs like steal, deprive, buy, etc.
4-4: burro en pelo: a bare-backed donkey ( pelo = hair).
4-5: la mano: observe the usual idiomatic mode of expressingpossession of parts of the body, wearing apparel, etc., by the use ofthe definite article instead of the possessive adjective his, her,etc., the dative pronoun also being often added to indicate thepossessor, as: Yo me corté el dedo, I cut my finger.
4-6: se la: for the possessive value of se cf. the precedingnote. Observe also the regular use of se instead of le or les whenfollowed by la, le, lo or their plurals.
4-7: con todas las veras: with all the sincerity or earnestness. Cf. de veras, truly.
4-8: tarde que (usually o) temprano: sooner or later.
4-9: ya me ... ya me: whether ... or. For me cf. note p. 4, 3.
5-1: doy el cante: I denounce him.
5-2: dices que cuándo: do you ask when? Que redundant isrequired after decir introducing an indirect question. Cf. digo queno, que sí; I say no, yes.
5-3: el mes que entra: next month.
5-4: salir por la tapa de los sesos: cf. levantarse la tapa de lossesos, to blow out one's brains.
5-6: te ahorco: cf. note me matan, p. 3, 1.
5-7: para esa fecha: by that time (date).
5-8: después de muerto: after (he is) dead.
5-9: de haber echado tan corto el plazo: for having set so near(lit. short) a time.
5-10: tomó el tole: departed hurriedly.
5-11: vamos: (imperative) and vaya (subjunctive) are often used,regardless of their original meaning, as mere interjections. Translate: come now, well, etc. Cf. French allons.
5-12: a lo que me contó: in view of what ... told me.
5-13: se va al infierno: translate disappears. ( Infierno =infernal regions.) 6-1: ello es: the fact is.
6-2: llevarían: would live. Cf. lleva diez años de casado, hehas been married ten years.
6-3: de servicio: on service, on duty.
6-4: hijos: children.
6-5: voy de vuelta: I am returning.
6-6: cómo he de perder: how am I to suffer the loss? Cf. note había de conocer, p. 3, 4.
6-7: no seas: don't be. Observe that the imperative is never usednegatively, being then replaced by the subjunctive.
7-1: Alicante: a port on the eastern coast of Spain.
7-2: Sevilla: a city of southern Spain (Andalusia) on theGuadalquivir River. Also (as here) the province in which this city issituated.
7-3: Preparen: (sc. ustedes). This is an order addressed to thebandit's comrades.
7-4: Tengo seis hijos: observe that tener (to have) does not takethe preposition a before its personal direct object, which likewiseomits a when preceded by a numeral, unless certain specific personsare referred to.
7-5: lo que me digo: me is an ethical dative (indicating theperson interested). Omit in translating.
7-6: ustedes: the polite form ustedes is in this single instancesubstituted in the peasant's speech for vosotros, by attraction afterthe ceremonious word Caballeros. Observe that the bandits end byaddressing the peasant as usted likewise.
7-7: mis hijos ...¡Hijos míos! : observe the variant forms mis and míos. For explanation see any grammar (possessive adjectives).
7-8: el rey Nerón: (i.e. el emperador). The Roman emperor Nero(reigned A.D. 54-68) persecuted the Christians, burning them as torchesbefore his palace and making them fight with wild beasts in the arena.
8-1: ¡Pues no quiere su dinero! : well! if he doesn't actually wanthis money too!
8-2: No sé cómo: I don't know why.
8-3: le habéis robado: for dative le cf. note tomado a estehombre, p. 4, 3.
8-4: se los: cf. note se la, p. 4, 6.
8-5: ¡A la paz de Dios! : (a familiar formula of leavetaking) Godbe with you, good-by, etc.
8-6: No habría andado: he could not have gone. The conditionalmood is often employed to express conjecture as to a (usually) pastevent, just as the future indicative is used to express conjecture abouta (usually) present event.
8-7: volver pies atrás: retrace his steps.
9-1: estupefacto: words having originally an initial s followedby a consonant prefix an e on becoming Spanish, as: estupor, stupor; escuela, school.
9-2: se echó ... a la cara: brought up to a level with his face.Cf. also note la mano, p. 4, 5.
9-3: cayó redondo: fell suddenly (collapsed).
9-4: maldito seas: a rather exceptional use of the subjunctive forthe imperative, though common with the verb ser. Cf. last line, page124.
9-5: unos canallas: canalla is feminine in its usual collectivemeaning: rabble. Applied to an individual, however, it agrees ingender.
9-6: Si conforme soy yo: if, just as it was (lit. is) I.
9-7: se: (ethical dative). Cf. note lo que me digo, p. 7, 5.
9-8: migueletes: militiamen, serving as police for thesuppression of brigandage.
9-9: dándome la espalda: turning his back on me. Cf. note lamano, P. 4, 5.
9-10: a todo escape: with the utmost velocity.
9-11: se ha quedado con: has kept (lit. has remained with).
10-1: a otro: observe that the indefinite article is never usedbefore otro, -a.
10-2: a fe mía: upon my word. Cf. note á fe que, p. 12, 6.
10-3: nadie: cf. note conoce nadie, p. 2, 5.
10-4: con sus cinco sentidos: with his five senses, i.e. withall his heart.
11-1: El llamado Manuel: the one named Manuel.
11-2: Cuesta del Perro: Dog's Hill.
11-3: Van once: that makes eleven.
11-4: Sierra de Loja: a mountain named from Loja, a town halfwaybetween the cities of Granada and Málaga.
11-5: la lista nominal: the roll-call.
12-1: arrancó a correr: started to run.
12-2: del arma: cf. note al ave, p. 25, 3.
12-3: ¡Qué Conde del Montijo ni qué niño muerto! : the expression niño muerto is often thus used in contemptuous rejection of an idea.Translate the count del Montijo! fiddlesticks!
12-4: lo que hay que hacer: what must be done.
12-5: lo mismo me da: it's all one to me. Cf. no se me da nada,I don't care at all.
12-6: A fe que: upon my word; surely. Cf. note a fe mía, p. 10,2.
13-1: ¡Necio de mí! : fool that I was!
13-2: tan sólo: only ( tan redundant and emphatic).
13-3: inescrutables: cf. note estupefacto, p. 9, 1.
14-1: ¿Cómo que no? : que is redundant. It is dependent on someform of the verb decir understood: How can you say that you willnot?
14-2: ¡Que no sabe! : a kindred usage to that in the last note. Que is frequently used in this elliptical and emphatic manner at thebeginning of a sentence.
14-3: ¡habrá hipócrita igual! : can there be, etc. Cf. note nohabría andado, p. 8, 6.
14-4: regalemos el oído: flatter; say pleasant things.
14-5: ¡vamos! : cf. note vamos, p. 5, 11.
14-6: músico mayor: military bandmaster.
14-7: Palacio: the royal palace.
14-8: Espartero: (1792-1879) Spanish general and statesman, at onetime regent.
14-9: ¡vaya! : used like vamos above, p. 14, 5.
14-10: especialidad: (in familiar parlance) a notability.
14-11: no he vuelto: cf. note se volvió a reír, p. 2, 3.
15-1: otro Rossini: cf. note a otro, p. 10, 1. Rossini:(1792-1868) Italian composer who once enjoyed an immense vogue. Hismusic, light, brilliant, but lacking in sincerity and deeper artisticqualities, is now much neglected.
15-2: lo que es esta tarde: as far as this afternoon isconcerned.
15-3: ha de tocar: must play. Cf. note había de conocer, p. 3,4.
15-4: es mi día: it is my saint's day (which among Catholics iscelebrated as a birthday).
15-5: papá abuelo: dear grandpa. Abuelo is often used inaddressing an old man.
15-6: ¡Quita allá! : a phrase used to express emphatic dissent.Translate Not much!
15-7: Se lo suplica a V. : Se = le, redundant pronoun anticipating usted. See note se la, p. 4, 6.
16-1: Mazzepa: (or rather Mazeppa) a Pole, who in punishment foran intrigue, was bound to the back of a horse, which carried him amongthe Cossacks, where he rose to distinction and high command. Vide Byron's poem Mazeppa.
16-2: Carlos XII: (doce— the ordinal numerals above décimo notbeing used with names of sovereigns) Charles XII, king of Sweden(lived 1682-1718). He fought, at first with brilliant success, againstthe Czar, Peter the Great, but was ultimately defeated.
16-3: Carlos e Isabel: Fernando VII (see notes Fernando, pp. 34,5 and 51, 17) left the Spanish throne to his daughter, Isabel II, but Don Carlos. her uncle, laid claim to it by virtue of the Salic lawexcluding women from the throne. A long and disastrous civil warfareensued between his party, the Carlistas, and the party of thequeen-regent, Maria Cristina, the Cristinos.
16-4: Estoy por decir: I am on the point of saying.
16-5: buenos humos tenía: was much too proud.
16-6: ni (al lucero, etc.): even. The negative is intruded from theunderlying negative psychologic notion: Ramón would not have suffered anaffront—not even from, etc. Cf. note ni, p. 99, 3.
lucero delalba: the planet Venus, bearing (as morning star) the name Lucifer. For el alba cf. note al ave, p. 25, 3.
16-7: morrión: a kind of tall helmet-cap, worn by the Cristinos.
16-8: boina: a round woolen cap, worn by the Carlists.
16-9: el Principado: the territory of Asturias, in the north ofSpain. The term is also applicable to Cataluña in the northeast ofSpain.
17-1: regularmente: (i.e. según reglas; naturalmente) presumably.
17-2: no te expongas: cf. note no seas, p. 6, 7.
17-3: se la ha fumado: for se cf. note lo que me digo, p. 7, 5.
17-4: El que no asista, etc.: a very loosely constructed sentence.Translate: If either of us does not appear, etc.
18-1: alaveses: natives of Álava, a Basque province in the northof Spain.
18-2: boina blanca de carlista: see note boina, p. 16, 8.
18-3: pistoletaz