Pumping ..............................................................................................................................................................
Pumping ..............................................................................................................................................................
Low-severity punchout ........................................................................................................................................
Medium-severity punchout ..................................................................................................................................
High-severity punchout .......................................................................................................................................
Low-severity railroad crossing.............................................................................................................................
Medium-severity railroad crossing ......................................................................................................................
Medium-severity railroad crossing ......................................................................................................................
High-severity railroad crossing ............................................................................................................................
Low-severity scaling/map cracking/crazing .........................................................................................................
Medium-severity scaling/map cracking/crazing ...................................................................................................
High-severity scaling/map cracking/crazing ........................................................................................................
High-severity scaling/map cracking/crazing ........................................................................................................
High-severity scaling/map cracking/crazing ........................................................................................................
Shrinkage cracks ................................................................................................................................................
Low-severity spalling, corner...............................................................................................................................
Low-severity spalling, corner...............................................................................................................................
Medium-severity spalling, corner ........................................................................................................................
High-severity spalling, corner ..............................................................................................................................
Low-severity spalling, joint ..................................................................................................................................
Medium-severity spalling, joint ............................................................................................................................
High-severity spalling, joint .................................................................................................................................
Deduct Value Curves for Asphalt-Surfaced Pavements
Page
Alligator cracking.................................................................................................................................................
Bleeding ..............................................................................................................................................................
Block cracking .....................................................................................................................................................
Bumps and sags .................................................................................................................................................
Corrugation .........................................................................................................................................................
Depression ..........................................................................................................................................................
Edge cracking .....................................................................................................................................................
Joint reflection cracking ......................................................................................................................................
Lane/shoulder drop off ........................................................................................................................................
Longitudinal and transverse cracking .................................................................................................................
Patching and utility cut patching .........................................................................................................................
Polished aggregate .............................................................................................................................................
Potholes ..............................................................................................................................................................
Railroad crossing ................................................................................................................................................
Rutting.................................................................................................................................................................
Shoving ...............................................................................................................................................................
Slippage cracking................................................................................................................................................
Swell ...................................................................................................................................................................
Weathering and raveling .....................................................................................................................................
Corrected deduct value curves for asphalt-surfaced pavements ........................................................................
iv
TM 5-623
Page
Blow-ups .............................................................................................................................................................
Corner break .......................................................................................................................................................
Divided slab ........................................................................................................................................................
Durability ("D") cracking ......................................................................................................................................
Faulting ...............................................................................................................................................................
Joint seal damage ...............................................................................................................................................
Lane/shoulder drop off ........................................................................................................................................
Linear cracking....................................................................................................................................................
Patching, large and utility cuts ............................................................................................................................
Patching, small....................................................................................................................................................
Polished aggregate .............................................................................................................................................
Popouts ...............................................................................................................................................................
Pump Shrinkage cracks ......................................................................................................................................
Punchouts ...........................................................................................................................................................
Railroad crossing ................................................................................................................................................
Scaling/map cracking/crazing .............................................................................................................................
Shrinkage cracks ................................................................................................................................................
Spalling, corner ...................................................................................................................................................
Spalling, joint.......................................................................................................................................................
Corrected deduct value curves for jointed concrete pavements .........................................................................
Blank Summary and Record Forms
DA Form 5145-R, Concrete Pavement Inspection Sheet
DA Form 5146-R, Asphalt Pavement Inspection Sheet
DA Form 5147-R, Section Evaluation Summary
DA Form 5148-R, Present Worth Computation Form
DA Form 5149-R, Branch Identification Summary
DA Form 5149-1-R, Branch Identification Summary Continuation Sheet
DA Form 5150-R, Section Identification Record
DA Form 5151-R, Section Pavement Structure Record
DA Form 5152-R, Section Materials Properties Record
DA Form 5153-R, Section Traffic Record
DA Form 5154-R, Section Condition Record
DA Form 5155-R, Branch Maintenance and Repair Requirements
DA Form 51-R, Section Maintenance and Repair Record
v
TM 5-623
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1-1. Purpose
b. Pavement condition inspection. THE process of
The purpose of this manual is to describe a pavement
inspecting installation pavement to determine existing
maintenance management system (PAVER) for use at
distresses and their severity and to compute the
military installations. This system is available in either a
pavement condition index (PCI)-a rating system that
manual or computerized mode. The maintenance
measures the pavement integrity and surface operational
standards prescribed should protect Government
property with an economical and effective expenditure of
maintenance funds commensurate with the functional
c. M&R determination. The process of establishing
requirements and the planned future use of the facilities.
M&R requirements and priorities based on inspection
The majority of pavements on Army installations were
data, PCI, and other relevant information such as traffic,
built many years ago, and thus, many have reached their
loading, and pavement structural composition (chap 4).
economic design life. Because of limited maintenance
funds, timely and rational determination of maintenance
d. Economic analyses of M&R alternatives. The
and repair (M&R) needs and priorities are very important
process of using life-cycle cost analysis to rank various
factors. These factors can be determined by using
PAVER as described in this manual. The use of PAVER
by personnel who have the responsibility for pavement
e. Data management. A manual system (card
maintenance should assure uniform, economical, and
system) for handling data is described in chapter 6. An
satisfactory surfaced area maintenance and repair.
automated system is described briefly in chapter 7.
When information in this publication varies from that
contained in the latest issue of Federal or Military
1-4. Implementation of PAVER
specifications, the specifications shall apply. Reference
The level of implementation is a function of the
to Federal, Military or other specifications is to the
installation size, existing pavement condition and
current issues of these specifications as identified by
available manpower and money resources. The highest
their basic number(s).
level of implementation would be the inclusion of all
pavements on the installation and use of the automated
1-2. Applicability
system. The lowest level would be use of the PCI as the
This manual applies to Army elements responsible for
basis for project approvals and establishment of
maintenance and repair (M&R) of asphalt or concrete-
priorities. A gradual implementation may be practical for
surfaced roads, streets, parking lots, and hardstands.
many installations. This includes starting with a specific
Airfield pavement management is covered by AFR 93-5
group of pavements at the installation (such as primary
which becomes part of this manual by reference. (See
roads and pavements experiencing a high rate of
deterioration or requiring immediate attention) and then
including other pavements on a predefined schedule.
1-3. Scope
Technical advise concerning any procedures outlined in
The system presented in this manual consists of the
this manual may be obtained from US Army Facilities
following components:
Engineering Support Agency, ATTN: FESA-EB, Fort
Belvoir, VA 22060.
a. Network identification. The process of dividing
installation pavement networks into manageable
1-5. PAVER forms
segments for the purpose of performing pavement
DA Forms 5145-R through 5156-R (figs E-1 through E-
inspection and determining M&R requirements and
13) used for PAVER and described hereafter in this
manual will be reproduced locally on 8½ by 11-inch
paper. Appendix E contains blank reproducibles.
1-1
TM 5-623
CHAPTER 2
PAVEMENT NETWORK IDENTIFICATION
2-1. Introduction
slab would be counted as two slabs for the purpose of
Before PAVER can be used, the installation pavements
pavement inspection.
must be divided into components. This chapter defines
the process. The guidelines for division of airfield
2-3. Guidelines for pavement identification
pavements are given in AFR 935.
a. Dividing the pavement network into branches.
The first step in using PAVER is to identify the pavement
2-2. Definitions
branches. The easiest way to identify these branches is
a. Pavement network. An installation’s pavement
to use the installation’s existing name identification
network consists of all surfaced areas which provide
system.
accessways for ground or air traffic, including roadways,
parking areas, hardstands, storage areas, and airfield
(1)
For example, Marshall Street in figure 2-1
pavements.
would be identified as a branch. Areas such as parking
b. Branch. A branch is any identifiable part of the
lots and storage areas that do not have names already
pavement network which is a single entity and has a
assigned can be given descriptive names which
distinct function. For example, individual streets, parking
associate them with their area.
areas, and hardstands are separate branches of a
(2)
In addition to descriptive names, branches
pavement network. Similarly, airfield pavements such as
are assigned a unique code to help store and retrieve
runways, taxiways, and aprons are separate branches.
data from the PAVER files. This code has five
c. Section. A section is a division of a branch; it
characters which are numbers of letters given to the
has certain consistent characteristics throughout its area
branches using any logical order. The first letter of the
or length. These characteristics are:
code will identify the type of branch as shown in table 2-
1. For example, the parking lot 321 shown in figure 2-1
(1)
Structural composition (thickness and
is given the code P0321. The code P0321 is derived
materials).
from P representing parking lots and 0321 representing
(2)
Construction history.
the nearest building to the parking area. Since the
(3)
Traffic.
building number has less than four digits, a zero is used
(4)
Pavement condition.
on the left to provide the required characters.
d. Sample