(joint) Designated Active and Reserve component forces and units
organized, trained, and equipped specifically to conduct civil affairs
activities and to support civilmilitary operations. (JP 3-57)
civil-military
(NATO) in support of the mission, between the NATO Commander
cooperation
and civil actors, including the national population and local
authorities, as well as international, national and non-governmental
organizations and agencies. (AAP-6)
civil-military
(joint) The activities of a commander that establish, maintain,
operations
influence, or exploit relations between military forces, governmental
and nongovernmental civilian organizations and authorities, and the
civilian populace in a friendly, neutral, or hostile operational area in
order to facilitate military operations, to consolidate and achieve
operational US objectives. Civil-military operations may include
performance by military forces of activities and functions normally
the responsibility of the local, regional, or national government.
These activities may occur prior to, during, or subsequent to other
military actions. They may also occur, if directed, in the absence of
other military operations. Civil-military operations may be
performed by designated civil affairs, by other military forces, or by
a combination of civil affairs and other forces. (JP 3-57)
civil-military
(joint) An ad hoc organization, normally established by the
operations center
geographic combatant commander or subordinate joint force
commander, to assist in the coordination of activities of engaged
military forces, and other United States Government agencies,
nongovernmental organizations, and regional and intergovernmental
organizations. There is no established structure, and its size and
composition are situation dependent. (JP 3-08)
coalition
(joint) An ad hoc arrangement between two or more nations for
common action. (JP 5-0)
coalition action
(joint) Multinational action outside the bounds of established
alliances, usually for single occasions or longer cooperation in a
narrow sector of common interest. (JP 5-0)
combatant command
(joint) A unified or specified command with a broad continuing
mission under a single commander established and so designated by
the President, through the Secretary of Defense and with the advice
and assistance of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
Combatant commands typically have geographic or functional
responsibilities. (JP 5-0)
command and control
(joint) The facilities, equipment, communications, procedures, and
system
personnel essential to a commander for planning, directing, and
controlling operations of assigned and attached forces pursuant to
the missions assigned. (JP 6-0)
20 May 2010
FM 3-16
Glossary-5
Glossary
commander’s critical
(joint) An information requirement identified by the commander as
information
being critical to facilitating timely decision-making. The two key
requirement
elements are friendly force information requirements and priority
intelligence requirements. (JP 3-0)
compatibility
(NATO) The suitability of products, processes or services for use
together under specific conditions to fulfil relevant requirements
without causing unacceptable interactions. (AAP-6)
coordinating authority
(joint) A commander or individual assigned responsibility for
coordinating specific functions or activities involving forces of two
or more Military Departments, two or more joint force components,
or two or more forces of the same Service. The commander or
individual has the authority to require consultation between the
agencies involved, but does not have the authority to compel
agreement. In the event that essential agreement cannot be obtained,
the matter shall be referred to the appointing authority. Coordinating
authority is a consultation relationship, not an authority through
which command may be exercised. Coordinating authority is more
applicable to planning and similar activities than to operations.
(JP 1)
counterintelligence
(joint) Information gathered and activities conducted to protect
against espionage, other intelligence activities, sabotage, or
assassinations conducted by or on behalf of foreign governments or
elements thereof, foreign organizations, or foreign persons, or
international terrorist activities. (JP 2-0)
director of mobility
(joint) Normally a senior officer who is familiar with the area of
forces
responsibility or joint operations area and possesses an extensive
background in air mobility operations. When established, the
director of mobility forces serves as the designated agent for all air
mobility issues in the area of responsibility or joint operations area,
and for other duties as directed. The director of mobility forces
exercises coordinating authority between the air operations center
(or appropriate theater command and control node), the tanker airlift
control center, the air mobility operations control center (when
established and when supporting subordinate command objectives),
and the joint movement center, in order to expedite the resolution of
air mobility issues. The director of mobility forces may be sourced
from the theater’s organizations or US Transportation Command.
Additionally, the director of mobility forces, when designated, will
ensure the effective integration of intertheater and intratheater air
mobility operations, and facilitate the conduct of intratheater air
mobility operations. (JP 3-30)
electronic warfare
(joint) Military action involving the use of electromagnetic and
directed energy to control the electromagnetic spectrum or to attack
the enemy. Electronic warfare consists of three divisions: electronic
attack, electronic protection, and electronic warfare support.
(JP 3-13.1)
environmental
(joint) The spectrum of environmental media, resources, or
considerations
programs that may impact on, or are affected by, the planning and
execution of military operations. Factors may include, but are not
limited to, environmental compliance, pollution prevention,
conservation, protection of historical and cultural sites, and
protection of flora and fauna. (JP 3-34)
Glossary-6
FM 3-16
20 May 2010
Glossary
fire support
The planning and executing of fire so that targets are adequately
coordination
covered by a suitable weapon or group of weapons. (FM 6-20-10)
firepower
(joint) The amount of fire which may be delivered by a position,
unit, or weapon system. 2. Ability to deliver fire. (JP 1-02)
full command
(NATO) The military authority and responsibility of a commander
to issue orders to subordinates. It covers every aspect of military
operations and administration and exists only within national
services. Note: The term"command"as used internationally, implies
a lesser degree of authority than when it is used in a purely national
sense. No NATO or coalition commander has full command over the
forces assigned to him since, in assigning forces to NATO, nations
will delegate only operational command or operational control.
(AAP-6)
geospatial engineering
(joint) Those engineering capabilities and activities that contribute to
a clear understanding of the physical environment by providing
geospatial information and services to commanders and staffs.
Examples include: terrain analyses, terrain visualization, digitized
terrain products, nonstandard tailored map products, precision
survey, geospatial data management, baseline survey data, and force
beddown analysis. (JP 3-34)
geospatial information
Foundation information upon which all other battlespace
information is referenced to form the common operational picture.
(FM 3-34.230)
geospatial information
(joint) The collection, information extraction, storage,
and services
dissemination, and exploitation of geodetic, geomagnetic, imagery
(both commercial and national source), gravimetric, aeronautical,
topographic, hydrographic, littoral, cultural, and toponymic data
accurately referenced to a precise location on the Earth’s surface.
Geospatial services include tools that enable users to access and
manipulate data, and also include instruction, training, laboratory
support, and guidance for the use of geospatial data. (JP 2-03)
health service support
(joint) All services performed, provided, or arranged to promote,
improve, conserve, or restore the mental or physical well-being of
personnel. These services include, but are not limited to, the
management of health services resources, such as manpower,
monies, and facilities; preventive and curative health measures;
evacuation of the wounded, injured, or sick; selection of the
medically fit and disposition of the medically unfit; blood
management; medical supply, equipment, and maintenance thereof;
combat stress control; and medical, dental, veterinary, laboratory,
optometric, nutrition therapy, and medical intelligence services.
(JP 4-02)
host-nation support
(joint) Civil and/or military assistance rendered by a nation to
foreign forces within its territory during peacetime, crises or
emergencies, or war based on agreements mutually concluded
between nations. (JP 4-0)
human intelligence
(joint) A category of intelligence derived from information collected
and provided by human sources. (JP 1-02)
20 May 2010
FM 3-16
Glossary-7
Glossary
information operations
(joint) The integrated employment of the core capabilities of
electronic warfare, computer network operations, psychological
operations, military deception, and operations security, in concert
with specified supporting and related capabilities, to influence,
disrupt, corrupt or usurp adversarial human and automated decision
making while protecting our own. (JP 3-13)
intermediate staging
(joint) A tailorable, temporary location used for staging forces,
base
sustainment and/or extraction into and out of an operational area.
(JP 3-35)
interoperability
(joint) The ability to operate in synergy in the execution of assigned
tasks. (JP 3-32)
in-transit visibility
(joint) The ability to track the identity, status, and location of
Department of Defense units, and non-unit cargo (excluding bulk
petroleum, oils, and lubricants) and passengers; patients; and
personal property from origin to consignee or destination across the
range of military operations. (JP 4-01.2)
joint
(joint) Connotes activities, operations, organizations, etc., in which
elements of two or more Military Departments participate. (JP 1)
law of war
(joint) That part of international law that regulates the conduct of
armed hostilities. (JP 1-02)
liaison
(joint) That contact or intercommunication maintained between
elements of military forces or other agencies to ensure mutual
understanding and unity of purpose and action. (JP 3-08)
line of communications
(joint) A route, either land, water, and/or air, that connects an
operating military force with a base of operations and along which
supplies and military forces move. (JP 1-02)
mission
(joint) 1. The task, together with the purpose, that clearly indicates
the action to be taken and the reason therefore. 2. In common usage,
especially when applied to lower military units, a duty assigned to
an individual or unit; a task. (JP 1-02)
*mission creep
Tangential efforts to assist in areas of concern unrelated to assigned
duties that cripple efficient mission accomplishment.
multinational
(joint) A collective term to describe military actions conducted by
operations
forces of two or more nations, usually undertaken within the
structure of a coalition or alliance. (JP 3-16)
national command
(NATO) A command that is organized by, and functions under the
authority of, a specific nation. It may or may not be placed under a
NATO commander. (AAP-6)
noncombatant
(joint) Operations directed by the Department of State or other
evacuation operations
appropriate authority, in conjunction with the Department of
Defense, whereby noncombatants are evacuated from foreign
countries when their lives are endangered by war, civil unrest, or
natural disaster to safe havens or to the United States. (JP 3-0)
operation order
(joint) A directive issued by a commander to subordinate
commanders for the purpose of effecting the coordinated execution
of an operation. (JP 1-02)
Glossary-8
FM 3-16
20 May 2010
Glossary
operation plan
(joint) 1. Any plan for the conduct of military operations prepared in
response to actual and potential contingencies. 2. In the context of
joint operation planning level 4 planning detail, a complete and
detailed joint plan containing a full description of the concept of
operations, all annexes applicable to the plan, and a time-phased
force and deployment data. It identifies the specific forces,
functional support, and resources required to execute the plan and
provide closure estimates for their flow into the theater. (JP 5-0)
operational command
(NATO) commander to assign missions or tasks to subordinate
commanders, to deploy units, to reassign forces, and to retain or
delegate operational and/or tactical control as the commander deems
necessary. Note: It does not include responsibility for
administration. (AAP-6)
operational control
(joint) Command authority that may be exercised by commanders at
any echelon at or below the level of combatant command.
Operational control is inherent in combatant command (command
authority) and may be delegated within the command. Operational
control is the authority to perform those functions of command over
subordinate forces involving organizing and employing commands
and forces, assigning tasks, designating objectives, and giving
authoritative direction necessary to accomplish the mission.
Operational control includes authoritative direction over all aspects
of military operations and joint training necessary to accomplish
missions assigned to the command. Operational control should be
exercised through the commanders of subordinate organizations.
Normally this authority is exercised through subordinate joint force
commanders and Service and/or functional component commanders.
Operational control normally provides full authority to organize
commands and forces and to employ those forces as the commander
in operational control considers necessary to accomplish assigned
missions; it does not, in and of itself, include authoritative direction
for logistics or matters of administration, discipline, internal
organization, or unit training. (JP 1)
operations security
(joint) A process of identifying critical information and subsequently
analyzing friendly actions attendant to military operations and other
activities to: a. identify those actions that can be observed by
adversary intelligence systems; b. determine indicators that
adversary intelligence systems might obtain that could be interpreted
or pieced together to derive critical information in time to be useful
to adversaries; and c. select and execute measures that eliminate or
reduce to an acceptable level the vulnerabilities of friendly actions to
adversary exploitation. (JP 3-13.3)
order of battle
(joint) The identification, strength, command structure, and
disposition of the personnel, units, and equipment of any military
force. (JP 2-01.3)
petroleum, oils, and
(joint) A broad term that includes all petroleum and associated
lubricants
products used by the Armed Forces. (JP 4-01.6)
20 May 2010
FM 3-16
Glossary-9
Glossary
psychological
(joint) Planned operations to convey selected information and
operations
indicators to foreign audiences to influence their emotions, motives,
objective reasoning, and ultimately the behavior of foreign
governments, organizations, groups, and individuals. The purpose of
psychological operations is to induce or reinforce foreign attitudes
and behavior favorable to the originator’s objectives. (JP 3-13.2)
rules of engagement
(joint) Directives issued by competent military authority that
delineate the circumstances and limitations under which United
States forces will initiate and/or continue combat engagement with
other forces encountered. (JP 1-02)
standardization
(joint) The process by which the Department of Defense achieves
the closest practicable cooperation among the Services and
Department of Defense agencies for the most efficient use of
research, development, and production resources, and agrees to
adopt on the broadest possible basis the use of: a. common or
compatible operational, administrative, and logistic procedures; b.
common or compatible technical procedures and criteria; c.
common, compatible, or interchangeable supplies, components,
weapons, or equipment; and d. common or compatible tactical
doctrine with corresponding organizational compatibility. (JP 4-02)
status-of-forces
(joint) An agreement that defines the legal position of a visiting
agreement
military force deployed in the territory of a friendly state.
Agreements delineating the status of visiting military forces may be
bilateral or multilateral. Provisions pertaining to the status of visiting
forces may be set forth in a separate agreement, or they may form a
part of a more comprehensive agreement. These provisions describe
how the authorities of a visiting force may control members of that
force and the amenability of the force or its members to the local law
or to the authority of local officials. (JP 3-16)
transfer of authority
(NATO) Within NATO, an action by which a member nation or
NATO Command gives operational command or control of
designated forces to a NATO Command. (AAP-6)
weapons of mass
(joint) Weapons that are capable of a high order of destruction
destruction
and/or of being used in such a manner as to destroy large numbers of
people. Weapons of mass destruction can be high-yield explosives
or nuclear, biological, chemical, or radiological weapons, but
exclude the means of transporting or propelling the weapon where
such means is a separable and divisible part of the weapon. (JP 3-28)
Glossary-10
FM 3-16
20 May 2010
References
Field manuals and selected joint publications are listed by new number followed by
old number.
REQUIRED PUBLICATIONS
These documents must be available to intended users of this publication.
AAP-6. NATO Glossary of Terms and Definitions. 2010.
JP 1-02. DOD Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms. 12 April 2001.
FM 1-02. Operational Terms and Graphics. 21 September 2004.
RELATED PUBLICATIONS
These sources contain relevant supplemental information.
MULTINATIONAL PUBLICATIONS
Most ABCA publications are available online: http://www.abca-armies.org. ABCA web site requires a user ID and password.
ABCA Coalition Operations Handbook. 14 April 2008.
ABCA Multinational Engineer Handbook. 5 May 2005.
ABCA Publication 256. Coalition Health Interoperability Handbook. 14 May 2003.
ABCA Standard 1030. Staff Planning Data Requirements. 17 December 1996.
AJP-4 (A). Allied Joint Logistics Doctrine. December 2003.
STANAG 2019. Military Symbols for Land Based Systems. 18 December 2000.
JOINT AND MULTI-SERVICE PUBLICATIONS
Most joint publications are available online: http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine/new_pubs/jointpub.htm.
DOD Financial Management Regulation 7000.14-R, Volume 15. Security Assistance Policy and Procedures. August 2004.
JP 1. Doctrine for the Armed Forces of the United States. 2 May 2007.
JP 1-06. Financial Management Support in joint Operations. 4 March 2008.
JP 2-0. Joint Intelligence. 22 June 2007.
JP 2-01.3. Joint Intelligence Preparation of the Operational Environment. 16 June 2009.
JP 2-03. Geospatial Intelligence Support to Joint Operations. 22 March 2007.
JP 3-0. Joint Operations. 17 September 2006.
JP 3-05. Doctrine for Joint Special Operations. 17 December 2003.
JP 3-08. Interagency, Intergovernmental Organization, and Nongovernmental Organization Coordination During Joint Operations VOL 1. 17 March 2006.
JP 3-13. Information Operations. 13 February 2006.
JP 3-13.1. Electronic Warfare. 25 January 2007.
JP 3-13.2. Psychological Operations. 7 January 2010.
JP 3-13.3. Operations Security. 29 June 2006.