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INDEX.
• Aaron de la Papa, rabbi in Smyrna, anti-Sabbatian, 136.
• Abdul Meg'id, sultan of Turkey, 634.
• Abendana, Jacob, rabbi in London, 214.
• Abensur, Daniel, Jewish millionaire, 205.
• Aboab, Immanuel, defends Talmudical Judaism, 55.
• Aboab, Isaac, de Fonseca, rabbi at Amsterdam, and Spinoza's unbelief, 92–3.
• Aboab, Samuel, rabbi at Venice, excommunicates Moses Chayim Luzzatto, 240–1.
• Abraham Ibn-Ezra, studied by Spinoza, 88.
• Abraham Vita di Cologna. See Vita, Abraham, di Cologna.
• Abt, Thomas, rival of Moses Mendelssohn, 303.
• Abudiente, Abraham Gideon, Sabbatian, 155.
• Abulafia, Moses, arrested on the blood-accusation in Damascus, 636.
• Abydos, Sabbataï Zevi at, 148–9, 151.
• Acosta, Gabriel. See Da Costa, Uriel.
• Act of Federation for the German states, and the Jews, 518–20.
• Adam Kadmon, Kabbalistic term, 121, 143.
• Adams, Hannah, historian of the Jews, 593.
• Adath Jeshurun, a separatist community in Amsterdam, 457.
• Admission of Jews into England, the feeling about, 44–7.
• Adrianople, Sabbatians at, 159.
• "Advice to the Representatives of the People," by Van Swieden, 453–4.
• Aguilar, de, Baron, frees the Moravian Jews from a tax, 252.
• Ahmed Coprili, grand vizir, and the Sabbatians, 146.
• Aix-la-Chapelle, Congress of, and the emancipation of the Jews, 525–7.
• Akiba, disciples of, enthusiasm of, 724–5.
• Alenu prayer, the, attacked, 185, 191–2.
• Alexander I, of Russia, and the improvement of the condition of the Jews, 472–3, 525, 527.
• Alexandria, Jews of, and the Damascus blood-accusation, 647, 660.
• Algazi, Moses Joseph, rabbi at Cairo, supports Crémieux, 664.
• Algazi, Solomon, anti-Sabbatian, 144.
• Ali Ibn-Rahmadan, mathematician, 76.
• Alliance Israélite Universelle, the, foundation of, 664, 701–2.
• "Almansor," by Heine, 548–9.
• Almanzi, Jewish scholar, 622.
• Alsace, Jews of, appeal to Mendelssohn, 351.
• Amigo, Abraham, Talmudist, 126.
• Amschel, representative of the Frankfort Jews, 505.
• Amsterdam, Portuguese community of, prosperity of, 166–7.
• Anan, founder of the Karaites, 727.
• Ananites, the, rise of, 727.
• Andrade, Abraham, rabbi, member of the Assembly of Notables, 484, 490.
• "Anglo-Jewish Association, The," 703.
• Anteri, Jacob, rabbi, charged with Father Tomaso's murder, 638.
• "Anti-Phædon" by John Balthasar Kölbele, 316.
• Anti-Semitism, prevalence of, 704.
• Anti-Talmudists. See Frankists.
• Anton, Charles, apostate, defender of Eibeschütz, 267.
• "Apology for the Honorable Nation of the Jews," by Edward Nicholas, 28–9.
• Apostasy among the Jews of Germany, 420–22.
• Arari, David, and the Damascus blood-accusation, 636, 637, 638.
• "Are there means to make the Jews happier and more useful in France," prize essay in Metz, 434–5.
• Argent, d', intercedes for Moses Mendelssohn, 304.
• Arias, Joseph Szemach, translator, 113–14.
• Arnstein, von, Nathan Adam, husband of Fanny Itzig, 414.
• Ascarelli, Deborah, poetess, 68.
• Asher, Saul, defends the Jews, 463.
• Ashkenazi, Jacob, father of Chacham Zevi, Sabbatian, 150.
• Ashkenazi, Jacob Emden. See Emden, Jacob.
• Ashkenazi, Zevi, chacham at Amsterdam, father of Jacob Emden, anti-Sabbatian, cause of, espoused by the European rabbis, 227.
• Asiré ha-Tikwah, by Joseph Penso, 112–13.
• Asser, Amsterdam deputy to the Synhedrion, 497.
• Asser, Carolus and Moses, active in the emancipation of the Dutch Jews, 453, 454.
• Astruc, Aristides, founder of the Alliance Israélite Universelle, 701.
• Atias, Isaac, da Costa, president of the Batavian National Assembly, 458.
• Attaman, Cossack chieftain, 2.
• Auerbach, Jacob, preacher at the Leipsic reform synagogue, 573.
• August, of Brunswick, and Jacob Jehuda Leon, 114–15.
• Augustus III, of Poland, protects the Frankists, 283.
• Austria, Jews of, emancipated, 697.
• Austrian Succession, War of the, and the Jews, 251–2.
• Autobiography by Solomon Maimon, 409.
• Ayllon, Solomon, Sabbatian rabbi at Amsterdam, characterization of, 214–15.
• Baal-Shem (Baal-Shemtob). See Israel of Miedziboz.
• Babylonian exile, the, changes during, 719–20.
• Baden, Jews of, show gratitude to Riesser, 601.
• Bail, defender of the Jews, 522.
• Bailly, mayor of Paris, and the emancipation of the Jews, 445.
• Baki, Simon, rabbi, superstition of, 201–2.
• Bamberg, Jews of, persecuted, 529.
• Barebones Parliament, the, Puritan character of, 34.
• Barlæus, Caspar, and Manasseh ben Israel, 22.
• Barnave favors the emancipation of the Jews, 441.
• Barrios, de, Daniel, historian, 202, 204.
• Baruch, Jacob, father of Börne, deputy of the Frankfort Jews in Vienna, 513.735
• Baruch, Löb (Louis). See Börne, Ludwig.
• Basnage, Jacob, historian of the Jews, 195–97.
• Bassan, Isaiah, teacher of Moses Chayim Luzzatto, 235, 238, 239, 241.
• Batavian Republic, the. See Holland.
• Baudin, secretary of Ratti Menton, 637.
• Bavaria, Jews of, partially emancipated, 508.
• Bayonne, the Jewish community of, 436.
• Bayreuth, the "hep, hep" persecution in, 530.
• Beer, Jacob, private synagogue of, 563.
• Beer, of Mizricz, founder of the new Chassidim, 375, 379–83.
• Belgium, Catholic agitation in, hostile to Jews, 655.
• "Belief of the Universe, The," by Nehemiah Chayon, 219–20.
• Belillos, Jacob, rabbi at Venice, pronounces against Moses Chayim Luzzatto, 239.
• "Bellerophon" by Lefrank, 471–2.
• Belmonte, Manuel, Marrano poet, 113.
• Belmontes, the, Jewish millionaires, 205.
• Ben-David, Lazarus, lecturer on Kant's philosophy, 409–10.
• Benedictus XIV, pope, petitioned to acquit the Jews of the blood-accusation, 282.
• Benet, Mordecai, rabbi, orthodox leader, 567.
• Benisch, Abraham, founder of the Anglo-Jewish Association, 703.
• Ben Usiel, disciple of Bernays, opposes the reform movement, 627.
• Benvenisti, Chayim, rabbi at Smyrna, Sabbatian, 136, 155.
• Ben-Zeeb, one of the Measfim, 400.
• Berachya, son of Jacob Querido, accepted successor of Sabbataï Zevi, 211.
• Berish. See Beer of Mizricz.
• Berlin, Jewish physicians of, restricted, 461.
• Berlin, Jews of, apply to be baptized, 421–2.
• "Berlin religion, the," 333.
• Berlin, the progressive party in, 418.
• Bernal, Abraham Nuñes, martyr, 92.
• Bernal, Marcos da Almeyda, martyr, 92.
• Bernard, Isaac, employer of Moses Mendelssohn, 296.
• Bernays, Isaac, chacham of the Hamburg congregation, 574–8.
• Bernays, Jacob, organizer of the Breslau seminary, 700.
• Bernstorff, Danish minister, decides against Eibeschütz, 265.
• Bernstorff, deputy from Holstein to the Congress of Vienna, and the emancipation of the Jews, 519, 527.
• Berr, Berr Isaac, representative of the Lorraine Jews, 431.
• Berr, Cerf, representative of the Alsatian Jews, 351, 436.
• Berr, Lipmann Cerf, addresses the Assembly of Notables, 487.736
• Berr, Michael, first Jewish attorney in France, champions the Jews at the Congress of Aix-la-Chapelle, 527.
• Bertolio, abbé, favors the emancipation of the Jews, 445.
• Besht. See Israel of Miedziboz.
• Beugnot, state councilor under Napoleon, friendly to the Jews, 480.
• Beyrout, Jews of, protected by European consuls, 641.
• "Bible for Israelites, The," by Sachs, 693.
• Bible, the, characterized by Heine, 553–5.
• Biblical exegesis, 695–6.
• "Biblical Orient, The," ascribed to Isaac Bernays, 575–6.
• Biester proposes a statue to Moses Mendelssohn, 372.
• Bing, Isaiah Berr, refutes the charges against the Alsatian Jews, 434.
• Bloch, Matathias, emissary of Sabbataï Zevi, 133, 137.
• Blood-accusation, the, at Damascus. See Chap. XVII.
• Blood-accusation, the, groundlessness of, asserted by Moses Germanus, 177.
• Blood-accusation, the, in Jülich, 642.
• Bohemia, Jews of, banished, 252–3.
• Bonafides, character in "Nathan the Wise," 325.
• Bonafoux, Daniel Israel, Sabbatian, 207, 208.
• Bonald, Louis Gabriel Ambroise, hostility of, to the Jews, 477–8.
• Bonifaccio, Balthasar, accuser of Sarah Sullam, 70.
• Bonnet, Caspar, a Geneva author, and Moses Mendelssohn, 309, 313–314.
• Bordeaux, Jews of, unrestricted, 499.
• Börne, Ludwig, a figure in Jewish history, 536–44.
• Bourbons, the, and the emancipation of the Jews, 596.
• Brancas, de, duc, derives an income from the Jews of Metz, 348, 446.
• Brandenburg, Jews settle in, 173–4.
• Breidenbach, Wolff, and the abolition of the poll-tax, 466–8, 472.
• Bremen, Jews of, emancipated, 507.
expelled, 520.
under restrictions, 512.
• Brendel, professor at Würzburg, friendly to the Jews, 528.
• Breslau, a theological seminary founded in, 699, 700.
the confirmation ceremony introduced in, 573.
the reform movement in, 682.
• Bresselau, Mendel J., one of the Measfim, Hebrew stylist, 398–9, 672.
opposes the omission of Hebrew from the prayers, 564.
writes against the orthodox party, 572.
• Brieli, Jehuda Leon, rabbi at Mantua, condemns Chayon, 225, 226.
culture of, 200.
• Brody, culture strivings in, 612.
• Broglie, de, duc, opposes the emancipation of the Jews of Alsace, 447.737
• Bromet, Herz, active in the emancipation of the Dutch Jews, 453, 454, 458.
• Brühl, Saxon minister, and the Eibeschütz controversy, 263.
• Brunswick, conference of rabbis at, 677–8, 681–2.
Jews of, under restrictions, 512.
• Buchholz, a writer hostile to the Jews, 468.
• Buda-Pesth, theological seminary at, 700.
• Buena, David, de Mesquito, Jewish millionaire, 205.
• Buol Schauenstein, von, count, president of the Diet, and the Frankfort Jews, 530.
• Buxtorf, John, senior, Hebrew scholar, 21.
• Byk, Jacob Solomon, member of the Galician school, 617.
• Caballo, Jules, founder of the Alliance Israélite Universelle, 701.
• Caceres, de, Simon, Marrano in London, 49.
• Cairo, Jewish schools opened at, 664.
• Calabrese. See Vital, Chayim.
• Campo Formio, peace of, and the poll-tax, 464.
• "Can the Jews remain in their present condition without harm to the state?" an anti-Jewish tract, 469–70.
• Cansino family, the, dragomans in Oran, 169.
• Capo d'Istrias, and the emancipation of the Jews, 527.
• "Captives of Hope, The," by Joseph Penso, 112–13.
• Cardoso, Abraham Michael, Sabbatian, 163–5.
◦ announces himself as the Ephraimite Messiah, 207–8.
• Cardoso, Abraham Michael, works of, forbidden, 220–21.
studied by Eibeschütz, 248.
• Cardoso, Isaac (Fernando), anti-Sabbatian, 163–4.
writer, 163, 188.
• Carlsruhe, the confirmation ceremony introduced in, 573.
the "hep, hep" persecution in, 530.
• Carpentras, the Jewish community of, 436.
• Carvajal, Fernandez, Marrano in London, 38, 49.
• Castellane, de, advocates freedom of conscience in the National Assembly, 439.
• Castro, de, speaker at the London meeting in behalf of the Damascus Jews, 653.
• Castro, de, Balthasar Orobio, Marrano physician, 115–17.
• Castro, de, Bendito (Baruch Nehemiah), Marrano physician, Sabbatian, 140–1, 150.
• Castro, de, Isaac Orobio, writer, character of, 199–200.
refutes Spinoza's philosophy, 167.
• Castro-Tartas, de, Isaac, Marrano martyr, 31–2.
• Ceba, Ansaldo, friend of Sarah Sullam, 69–70.
• Chacham Zevi. See Ashkenazi, Zevi.
• Chages, Jacob, scholar at Jerusalem, 126.
teacher of Nathan Ghazati, 130.
threatens Sabbataï Zevi with excommunication, 132.
• Chages, Moses, and Moses Chayim Luzzatto, 238–9, 241.
and Nehemiah Chayon, 222–4, 227.
excommunicated, 226.