[1] Shaw’s clever plays, e.g. Pygmalion, are based on faults in moral attitudes and in society.
[2] Edison (Thomas Alva) died in 1350 [C.E. 1931].
[3] This event is widely known as the Jonestown Massacre.
[4] Nafs is a malignant force in human nature. It is recalcitrant, stupid, and evil. It always urges man to behave against the commandments of Allâhu ta’âlâ. It is the only creature whose all wishes are against itself.
[5] John Stuart Mill (1806-73), English thinker; On Liberty
[6] John Locke (1632-1704), English philosopher.
[7] Immanuel Kant (1724-1804), German philosopher; Critique of Pure Reason.
[8] Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770-1831), German thinker.
[9] Johann Gottlieb Fichte (1762-1814), German philosopher.
[10] Aldous Huxley (1894-1963), British writer; Brave New World.
[11] The statement called Kalima-i-sahâdat is: “Ash-hadu an-lâ-ilâha il’l’Allah, wa ash-hadu an-na Muhammadan ’abduhu wa Rasûluhu,” which means, “I testify to the fact that there is no god but Allah, and I testify, again, that Muhammad ‘alaihis-salâm’ is His born slave and Messenger.” Every Muslim has to make this statement at least once in his lifetime and has to believe in its meaning.
[12] “Allâhu ta’âlâ has let free the two bodies of flowing water, meeting together: Between them is a Barrier which they do not transgress:” (55-19,20)
[13] Myanmar since 1989.
[14] Old Testament, Exodus: 20-2,3.
[15] Sir Oswald Mosley (1896-1980), British right-wing politician, an MP from 1918 to 1931, and the founder of the British Union of Fascists.
[16] Adolf Hitler (1889-1945), the leader of German Nazi Party. He was born in Austria. His ideal was to develop a pure German race.
[17] Benito Mussolini (1883-1945), (known as II Duce), Italian Fascist Dictator. After the Second World War, he was killed by the Italians.
[18] Until 1971, British coin, worth one-twentieth a pound, or twelve old pennies; five pennies as of today.
[19] Islamic word for greeting, well-wishing and offering best wishes.
[20] Rabindranath Tagore (1861-1941), Bengali-Indian writer.