Islamic Education for Youths - Level Three by Mohammad Amin Sheikho - HTML preview

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Lesson Sixteen

Interpretation of Fortress 88 (The Overwhelming)

Surah Al-Ghashiyya (Part Two)‎‎

‎‎‎‎‎Having revealed to us the news about the Overwhelming Event, and ‎having acquainted us with the states of both the people of misery and the ‎people of blessings and happiness, the Almighty wanted to implant this in ‎our spirits and establish these facts in our hearts. Therefore He sent us a ‎group of Verse‎s which tell us of His Grandeur and Magnificent Creation, so ‎that we may think carefully of them in order to be guided to our Creator. If ‎we do so, we will revere and appreciate Him and abide by His Words. This ‎will lead us to happiness, which is Al’lah’s utmost Hope for His creatures ‎because it will help us to attain His Satisfaction. God says:‎

Verse‎ no. 17‎

‎17. “Would they not look at the camels, (and consider) how ‎they are created;”‎‎‎

‎‎‎‎The ‘looking’ meant in this Verse‎ is that which is associated with ‎contemplation and appreciation, for humanity is distinguished from the ‎animal kingdom by virtue of the ability to look at things in this way. ‎

‎‎‎‎The animal looks, and the person also looks. However, the animal’s ‎viewing of things is limited to their appearances. When an animal looks at ‎something, it is unable to penetrate the images in order to recognize ‎particularities. Nor does it pay heed to the way of creation. For example,‎‎‎‎ ‎‎when a bear sees a bunch of grapes, it sees it in a superficial look it does not ‎think of how it arises from a hard woody vine, and then gradually grows. It ‎does not contemplate the course of its bloom’s pollination, or how its taste ‎changes from sour to sweet, or notice its coloration, which gives a sign of its ‎maturation and whether it is becoming ready to be eaten, or not. ‎

This bear does not ponder the arrangement of the course of the life of the ‎grape, or of the leaves which surround it and help in its maturation, or any ‎of the other factors which contribute to its preparation or production. ‎

‎‎‎‎All that the bear does is to rush upon the grapevines and devour the fruit ‎that hangs upon them, for all that it sees is something that can be eaten. ‎

That is the difference between the human and the animal way of looking. ‎Animals are thoughtless and unable to attain further knowledge of their ‎Provider. They cannot perceive different aspects of His Majesty and ‎Grandeur in the same way as humans. ‎

The animal remains at one degree of knowledge and never exceeds it, and ‎therefore it remains an animal. ‎

‎‎‎‎Furthermore, people themselves differ from one another in their way of ‎looking at things. The more a person thinks, the more appreciation they will ‎feel towards their Creator and the more they will glorify Him. ‎

‎‎‎‎If a person looks at things only externally, in the same way as the beasts, ‎they will then be on the same level as the animals – or indeed, an even lower ‎level. ‎

God says: “Indeed the worst kind of all living creatures in Allah’s ‎Sight are those who are (wilfully) deaf and dumb, who do not ‎mind.”‎‎‎

The Holy Qur’an,

Fortress 8, Al-Anfal (Spoils of War), Verse‎ 22‎

‎‎‎‎The Almighty invited those who opposed His Envoy to consider the ‎camel so that they might esteem its creation and know more about their ‎Creator. ‎

‎‎‎‎Indeed, if a person meditates on a camel, they will sense that there is ‎wisdom and precision in creation. This will acquaint them with the Great ‎Creator and Wise Maker. For example:‎

A person is unable to put their luggage onto a camel’s back when it is ‎standing up due to their short stature in comparison with the camel’s tall ‎body. For this reason you can see that the camel sits on the ground, unlike ‎any of the other animals which carry people’s luggage. ‎

To help it to sit down, the camel is------ granted calluses on its chest and ‎legs to prevent its body from leaning to one side and becoming unbalanced ‎while it is trying to lower itself to the ground. ‎

‎‎‎‎Also, if a camel’s hoofs were like a horse’s hoofs, a camel would not be ‎able to stand up and support the heavy burden it carries, nor would its legs ‎be able to hold fast in the ground while standing up or sitting down. ‎

Meanwhile, its long and bending neck is the means by which it stands up ‎and sits down. Its neck acts like the arm of a steelyard, whereas its head acts ‎as its ovoid does. ‎

‎‎‎‎A camel brings its head nearer to or further from its body to stabilize ‎itself while it is standing or sitting.‎

‎‎‎‎If you observe the large round hoofs of this animal, you will perceive the ‎Wisdom of God’s Creation. The size of these hoofs helps the camel to walk ‎in the sand, as they help it to carry its heavy body. ‎

‎‎‎‎If these hoofs were as small as those of the horse, the camel’s legs would ‎not be able to bear the weight of its body, leading it to stumble and fall to ‎the ground. ‎

The camel’s hump helps with the stability of its body. Besides this, the ‎camel uses it to store fat to support it as it walks through the desert. There ‎are also some hollows in its belly where water can be stored for many days, ‎which is why camels can tolerate a lack of food and water. ‎

‎‎‎‎The points we have mentioned are not exhaustive, but make up only ‎some of the many illustrations of the wisdom of creation which are ‎demonstrated by this animal. ‎

‎‎‎‎If you speculate on them deeply, you will deduct that there is a Great ‎Creator, a Wise Disposer, and Omnipotent Steering. ‎

‎‎‎‎The Almighty draws our attention to another sign when He says:‎

Verse‎ no. 18‎

‎18. “And at the sky, how it is raised high;”‎‎‎

‎‎‎‎The “sky” is the ceiling which surrounds the earth on all sides, and which ‎contains the sun, moon, stars, and powers of gravitation. ‎

‎‎‎‎Oh human! Have you once asked yourself about how the sky could be ‎raised above us with no pillars or walls to hold it in position?‎

‎‎‎‎Consider the bright stars whose dimensions are many thousand times ‎larger than the dimensions of the earth!‎

‎‎‎‎How do they swim in space without chains or cables to join them to each ‎other?‎

‎‎‎‎Think of the power of gravitation which attach the stars to each other and ‎ensure they are firmly connected, despite the fact that there are thousands of ‎light years between them!‎

Meditate, human, on heaven, and then ask yourself: ‎

‎‎‎‎Did it make itself? Alternatively, must there be a Mighty Creator that has ‎made it and raised it high?‎

‎‎‎‎Think of the stars. Is there not a Steering God that has arranged them?‎

Is there not a Provider that supplies them with light, power and ‎existence? Otherwise, how would they continue to shine throughout the ‎ages, without becoming extinct or lessening in light or power?‎

Verse‎ no. 19‎

‎19. “And at the mountains, how they are set up;”‎‎‎

To be “set up” is to be raised and firmly put in place. ‎

‎‎‎‎Let us wonder: who has put various kinds of soil, sand and stone within ‎the mountains? Who has made the individual mountains as one huge mass, ‎with connected pieces and atoms?‎

‎‎‎‎Who has raised them above the surface of the land and lifted them high ‎into space?‎

‎‎‎‎Who has fixed them firmly in the land and made them stable, so that they ‎do not move or shake in spite of the movement and revolution of the earth?‎

‎‎‎‎Should not you think of the mountains and their height and greatness? ‎

Should not you glorify their Creator, Who has established them in this ‎state and clothed them with such greatness?‎

Verse‎ no. 20‎

‎20. “And at the earth, how it is spread out.”‎‎‎

Who has spread out this land for you, humanity?‎

Who has given it its level surface?‎

‎‎‎‎Who has laid out these layers of earth, one beside another, so that they ‎would be suitable for cultivation and farming?‎

‎‎‎‎Who has created the soil for your sake and comprised it with different ‎substances?‎

‎‎‎‎Who has arranged the springs of water and spread them through every ‎village, every island and every country – nay, everywhere – so that He ‎deprived none of His creation of this favor?‎

Who has supplied the earth with everything that you need in order to ‎live?‎

‎‎‎‎Do these signs within the camel, in heaven, in the mountains and in the ‎earth not bespeak of a Mighty Creator that has created you and obliged you ‎with His Boons?‎

Should you not think of His Potency and Might?‎

‎‎‎‎Should you not appreciate His Kindness and Charity towards you, so ‎that you will listen to His Words and abide by His Recommendations?‎

After He has sent down a group of Verse‎s that lead us to the Creator of ‎the earth and the heavens, the Almighty addressed His noble Envoy ‎‎(cpth) ‎by saying:‎

Verse‎ no. 21‎

21. “Therefore you remind them (Oh Mohammad), for you ‎are one to act only as a reminder.”‎‎‎

To “remind” someone is to let them see something or hear some word ‎that makes them remember something else they knew before. For further ‎illustration, here are some examples:‎

A mother may see a person that resembles her absent son. Seeing this will ‎make her remember her son. ‎

A man may pass by a hospital where he was once subject to surgery. ‎Seeing the hospital will make him remember his operation. ‎

Another person may hear somebody say a particular word, which may ‎connect their spirit with a vision that they once saw in their sleep, but have ‎completely forgotten. The images of the dream will then follow one another ‎in sequence and they will remember the entire dream. ‎

Had they not heard this word, which was related to a part of their dream, ‎they would never have remembered this dream at all. ‎

‎‎‎‎‎In this Verse‎ the Almighty Allah gives orders to His noble Envoy ‎‎(cpth) ‎to remind people – that is to say, to bring into their minds – of the different ‎kinds of His Creation which they can see before their eyes, such as the signs ‎previously mentioned. ‎

The reason for such a reminder is that God wants to urge people to think ‎profoundly while they look at things, so that they will believe in the Grand ‎Creator and appreciate His Grace and Charity.‎

However, what is generated by believing in the Creator?‎

I say that it generates a feeling of fear of disobeying God, leading people ‎to believe in Doomsday, the day of accountability. ‎

This belief makes a person surrender to their Creator and abide by His ‎Orders. This is how one really becomes a Muslim. In Arabic, the word ‎‎‘Muslim’ means one who spiritually surrenders to their Creator. The ‎spirit’s observance of God’s Commands makes it become pleased with its ‎deeds and confident of God’s Satisfaction with it. Therefore, it draws nearer ‎to Him in its communication with Him; it senses the Divine Compassion, ‎Justice and Might, which was previously believed in an intellectual sense. ‎

At this stage, it will remember what had previously been printed on its ‎surface, and then will remember more and more as it ascends the ladders of ‎sublimity. This all takes place by virtue of the noble Envoy ‎‎(cpth). ‎

Accordingly, people will not remember unless they look at creation time ‎after time with an attitude of contemplation and speculation, and none will ‎remember except those who repent. ‎

Verse‎ no. 22‎

‎22. “You have no domination over them,”‎‎‎

In fact, the human spirit is absolutely free. The Almighty Allah has ‎granted it the freedom of choice, and therefore nobody can control it. That ‎means that nobody can turn the spirit from its own thoughts. ‎

If it does not voluntarily think of the signs of the universe‎ until it is ‎guided to its Great Creator, it will never feel awe or fear of disobeying Him, ‎the Almighty. No one can have power over it to stop it from doing ‎something, or to turn it away from its own attachments and concerns. ‎

Inference:

‎This means that neither a Prophet nor an Envoy nor a scholar nor a ‎leader is able to guide anyone unless they themselves willingly listen to and ‎ponder Al’lah’s Verse‎s themselves. This is always true, even if they were to ‎continue reminding people for many hundreds of years. ‎

God says: “You cannot guide whom you please: it is Allah Who ‎guides those who will. He best knows those who lead themselves ‎‎(to the right path).”‎‎‎

The Holy Qur’an,

Fortress 28, Al-Qasas (Stories), Verse‎ 56‎

If a person voluntarily sets to thinking with the purpose of seeking to be ‎guided, they will certainly believe and become illuminated by God’s Light. ‎However, if this is not their purpose, nobody will be able to guide them. ‎

Nonetheless, the Almighty told His Envoy ‎‎(cpth) how to behave with ‎those who oppose Him. He says:‎

Verse‎ no. 23‎

‎23. “Save those that turn away and disbelieve.”‎‎‎

Here, to “turn away” is to shun from Allah. ‎

To “disbelieve” is to be ungrateful for the Graces of God. Undoubtedly, ‎one who draws far from God is in danger because of their blindness and ‎distance, and undoubtedly their disbelief will drive them to carry out bad ‎actions. ‎

Despite the fact that the Prophet ‎‎(cpth) is unable to turn a person’s spirit ‎away from its aberration, he is charged with preventing such a person from ‎hurting other people. He must deter them, and even punish them. ‎

This noble Verse‎ explains the legality of fighting and the purpose of ‎enslavement, offering a tribute to the Prophet ‎‎(cpth), and all of the other ‎ways to check the damage of the disbelievers and their corruption in the ‎land. ‎

Any rational person will take it upon themselves to be a guardian over ‎their more ignorant sibling. They have the right to deal with them roughly ‎out of their love for them and their interest in their sibling’s benefit. ‎

Finally, the Almighty revealed the fate of the disbeliever after death in ‎case they continued to insist on disbelief. God says:‎

Verse‎ no. 24‎

‎24. “Allah will then inflict the greatest torment upon them.”‎‎‎

When they reach the other abode after their worldly life, they will suffer ‎the greatest possible torment, which will be boundless in its intensity. ‎

Verse‎ no. 25‎

‎25. “Indeed, to Us is their return;”‎‎‎

The Almighty granted humanity the freedom of choice and then brought ‎them to this world, allowing them to choose their own deeds as they saw fit. ‎However, when they return to their Provider after death, He will take back ‎that freedom of choice from them. He will then reciprocate and repay them ‎in accordance with their spiritual state; that is, He will return good for good ‎deeds and evil for evil ones. ‎

Verse‎ no. 26‎

‎26.‎‎‎‎‎ “And then it is for Us to call them to account.”‎‎‎

‎”…to call them to account” is to give people what is theirs by right and ‎to repay them for their deeds. ‎

On Doomsday, the Almighty will repay every creature in full. ‎

Allah will not wrong anybody by so much as an atom’s weight. You are ‎sure to be rewarded for whatever deeds you may carry out.

God says: “Then, whoever has done an atom’s weight of good ‎shall see it, and whoever has done an atom’s weight of evil shall see ‎it.”‎‎‎

The Holy Qur’an,

Fortress, Az-Zilzal (The Earthquake), Verse‎ 7-8 ‎

Praise be to Al'lah, the Provider of all worlds.

‎‎‎‎‎‎‎Self-Activity:‎‎‎‎

‎‎In order not to be one of those who look at things only a superficial look, ‎not recognizing its realities, therefore I should contemplate and think deeply ‎of all what I observe, even before eating fruits or any kind of food I should ‎start by God’s name and contemplate its specifications and essences which ‎God has created for my benefit and enjoyment, and if I see the Heavens, ‎‎‎mountains, seas, trees and the woods, I have to contemplate and think ‎deeply about these Godly signs (wonders) and appreciate their Almighty ‎Creator and His Power. Finally I will believe in Him the Grand Creator, ‎Merciful Provider and appreciate His Potency, Might, Grace and Charity ‎toward us, therefore I should meditate and think deeply of all the cosmic ‎signs, if I do so, they undoubtedly lead me to appreciate their Creator and ‎Steering Provider. ‎

‎‎Guidance and abidance:‎

‎‎Meditate an animal, other than the camels, in your surroundings, ‎contemplate how the Almighty Al'lah created it and the perfection which is ‎contained in its being, all its specifications and qualities which the Almighty ‎has granted it in order to enable it to proceed its function in this life, If you ‎speculate on them deeply and profoundly, you will deduct that there is a ‎Great Creator, a Wise Omniscience Disposer. ‎‎‎

‎ Questions‎‎ and Exercises:‎‎‎

‎1- Distigush the differences between the animal' looks, and the person' ‎looks? Why does the Almighty God want human to speculate everything ‎around him in the universe‎?‎

‎‎‎1-‎ ‎‎Explain the meaning of this Verse‎: “You cannot guide whom you ‎please: it is Allah Who guides those who will. He best knows ‎those who lead themselves (to the right path).”‎‎‎‎‎

‎2-‎ ‎‎Why does the Almighty God describe the torment of the hereafter as ‎the ever greatest torment?‎‎‎

‎3-‎ ‎‎How could the human attain the true belief in the Day of Account? ‎‎‎